---559023410-1819198887-920687011=:9542
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sometimes, operations on the old FAT based filesystems (VFAT, MSDOS etc.)
on Linux appear almost draggingly slow. There's no magic bullet to solve
this (Or if there is, let me know;) but after performing extensive
profiling on the 2.1.x series of kernels I pinpointed some places of the
code that are crucial during high filesystem-load times, and embarked on
optimizing them. I have now revisited that patch, making sure it applies
and works for 2.2.x series kernels, fixed things up and performed some
further benchmarking. Now, the catch is that this patch is assuming:
- the cluster_size will always be a full power of two
- filenames and extensions are always padded with spaces
It seems to me these two conditions are true in general; no exceptions
have been brought to my attention since I've started posting these
optimizations. Some parts of the code appear to already be more or less
assuming the above. But be forewarned, if for some reason either one isn't
true, applying and running this patch may lead to filesystem corruption.
I'd like to know of any such instances. Now, with the geral babble out of
the way, few notes on the choices made in this:
The major improvement is replacing cluster-size by "cluster-shift", the
two's power for the effective cluster-size. Most of the time either
multiplying or dividing by the cluster-size is required, and because
cluster-size itself is a variable, the compilers have no way to
automatically optimize these operations to shifts when needed. Division is
so expensive operations the performance-boost from this is noticeable.
Even in the one tricky modulus-operation on the first chunk of the patch,
the bit-operation is much preferable to taking real modulus. Further
improvement might be gained by calculating and keeping around another
bit-mask for the modulus, though, but I have not conssidered that worth
increasing the memory-profile.
The second improvement involves the function used to translate standard
FAT style filenames into *nix filesystem type filenames. In this process
the 8.3 type filename pieces are read from the FAT record, put into lower
case and concatenated into result string for display. Unfortunately, quick
look at the code shows that this bit of code gets so deeply nested it ends
up with pretty poor optimization. I tried several approachs to get all out
from the processor on this code, and finally settled on the attached
approach.
Here, to avoid running out of registers to use, the actual task has been
divided up to a number of very simple, straightforward tasks executed
after each another. Namely, we find the length of the filename portion; we
copy it down. Next we find the length of the extension and copy it after,
and finally we turn the whole result string to lower case. This appears to
work pretty well in practice.
With some experimenting I finally settled on the current approach here,
where the filename-portions are scanned in reverse order to find their
length - this way we won't have to scan the whole string for last
non-whitespace, and also most filenames are close to 8 characters, so
loop-count will stay low.
Finally, in an earlier version of this patch, the case-conversion was done
using a partial case-table. After some dry-profiling, I found out this
approach is <10% faster even when the table can be counted to stay in
cache all the time, so in this version I have reverted back to the
approach using two compares and increment used elsewhere in the code, for
a grand saving of 32 bytes.
So... if you're using FAT based filesystems on your computer, feel free to
give this patch a try. If, for some reason, the message "fat_read_super:
Cluster size was not power of two!" appears during bootup or mounting, do
not use the patch, but let me know of the details instantly. Ofcourse,
this should not happen <g>. Any other problems, let me know as well. I'm
hoping this patch can be included in the next developmental kernel version
(2.3.x?)
-Donwulff
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