[PATCH v7] mm: vmscan: try to reclaim swapcache pages if no swap space

[Liu Shixin]

When spaces of swap devices are exhausted, only file pages can be
reclaimed.  But there are still some swapcache pages in anon lru list.
This can lead to a premature out-of-memory.

The problem is found with such step:

 Firstly, set a 9MB disk swap space, then create a cgroup with 10MB
 memory limit, then runs an program to allocates about 15MB memory.

The problem occurs occasionally, which may need about 100 times [1].

Fix it by checking number of swapcache pages in can_reclaim_anon_pages().
If the number is not zero, return true and set swapcache_only to 1.
When scan anon lru list in swapcache_only mode, non-swapcache pages will
be skipped to isolate in order to accelerate reclaim efficiency.

However, in swapcache_only mode, the scan count still increased when scan
non-swapcache pages because there are large number of non-swapcache pages
and rare swapcache pages in swapcache_only mode, and if the non-swapcache
is skipped and do not count, the scan of pages in isolate_lru_folios() can
eventually lead to hung task, just as Sachin reported [2].

By the way, since there are enough times of memory reclaim before OOM, it
is not need to isolate too much swapcache pages in one times.

[1]. https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAJD7tkZAfgncV+KbKr36=eDzMnT=9dZOT0dpMWcurHLr6Do+GA@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx/
[2]. https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CAJD7tkafz_2XAuqE8tGLPEcpLngewhUo=5US14PAtSM9tLBUQg@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx/

Signed-off-by: Liu Shixin <liushixin2@xxxxxxxxxx>
Tested-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@xxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
v6->v7: Reset swapcache_only to zero after there are swap spaces.
v5->v6: Fix NULL pointing derefence and hung task problem reported by Sachin.

 include/linux/swap.h |  6 ++++++
 mm/memcontrol.c      |  8 ++++++++
 mm/vmscan.c          | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/swap.h b/include/linux/swap.h
index f6dd6575b905..3ba146ae7cf5 100644
--- a/include/linux/swap.h
+++ b/include/linux/swap.h
@@ -659,6 +659,7 @@ static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap(swp_entry_t entry, unsigned int nr_p
 }
 
 extern long mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg);
+extern long mem_cgroup_get_nr_swapcache_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg);
 extern bool mem_cgroup_swap_full(struct folio *folio);
 #else
 static inline void mem_cgroup_swapout(struct folio *folio, swp_entry_t entry)
@@ -681,6 +682,11 @@ static inline long mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	return get_nr_swap_pages();
 }
 
+static inline long mem_cgroup_get_nr_swapcache_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
+{
+	return total_swapcache_pages();
+}
+
 static inline bool mem_cgroup_swap_full(struct folio *folio)
 {
 	return vm_swap_full();
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 5b009b233ab8..29e34c06ca83 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -7584,6 +7584,14 @@ long mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	return nr_swap_pages;
 }
 
+long mem_cgroup_get_nr_swapcache_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
+{
+	if (mem_cgroup_disabled())
+		return total_swapcache_pages();
+
+	return memcg_page_state(memcg, NR_SWAPCACHE);
+}
+
 bool mem_cgroup_swap_full(struct folio *folio)
 {
 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index 6f13394b112e..a5e04291662f 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -137,6 +137,9 @@ struct scan_control {
 	/* Always discard instead of demoting to lower tier memory */
 	unsigned int no_demotion:1;
 
+	/* Swap space is exhausted, only reclaim swapcache for anon LRU */
+	unsigned int swapcache_only:1;
+
 	/* Allocation order */
 	s8 order;
 
@@ -602,6 +605,12 @@ static bool can_demote(int nid, struct scan_control *sc)
 	return true;
 }
 
+static void set_swapcache_mode(struct scan_control *sc, bool swapcache_only)
+{
+	if (sc)
+		sc->swapcache_only = swapcache_only;
+}
+
 static inline bool can_reclaim_anon_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 					  int nid,
 					  struct scan_control *sc)
@@ -611,12 +620,26 @@ static inline bool can_reclaim_anon_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 		 * For non-memcg reclaim, is there
 		 * space in any swap device?
 		 */
-		if (get_nr_swap_pages() > 0)
+		if (get_nr_swap_pages() > 0) {
+			set_swapcache_mode(sc, false);
 			return true;
+		}
+		/* Is there any swapcache pages to reclaim? */
+		if (total_swapcache_pages() > 0) {
+			set_swapcache_mode(sc, true);
+			return true;
+		}
 	} else {
 		/* Is the memcg below its swap limit? */
-		if (mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages(memcg) > 0)
+		if (mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages(memcg) > 0) {
+			set_swapcache_mode(sc, false);
 			return true;
+		}
+		/* Is there any swapcache pages in memcg to reclaim? */
+		if (mem_cgroup_get_nr_swapcache_pages(memcg) > 0) {
+			set_swapcache_mode(sc, true);
+			return true;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -2342,6 +2365,15 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_folios(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
 		 */
 		scan += nr_pages;
 
+		/*
+		 * Count non-swapcache too because the swapcache pages may
+		 * be rare and it takes too much times here if not count
+		 * the non-swapcache pages.
+		 */
+		if (unlikely(sc->swapcache_only && !is_file_lru(lru) &&
+		    !folio_test_swapcache(folio)))
+			goto move;
+
 		if (!folio_test_lru(folio))
 			goto move;
 		if (!sc->may_unmap && folio_mapped(folio))
-- 
2.25.1