Re: KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in radix_tree_lookup in&after Linux Kernel 6.4-rc6

From: Matthew Wilcox
Date: Fri Oct 20 2023 - 08:34:53 EST

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On Fri, Oct 20, 2023 at 10:26:31AM +0200, Petr Mladek wrote:
> Adding Matthew into Cc in the hope that he is still familiar with the
> code. Also adding Andrew who accepts patches.

oh joy. i love dealing with cves.

> > > I agree, this issue looks to be in kernel-core radix tree code in ./lib/radix-tree.c in two of any places.

the radix tree code is the victim here. maybe also the perpetrator, but
it's rather hard to say.

shrink_slab_memcg()
down_read_trylock(&shrinker_rwsem)
shrinker = idr_find(&shrinker_idr, i);

i assume is the path to this bug. the reporter didn't run the
stacktrace through scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh so it's less useful than
we might want.

prealloc_memcg_shrinker() calls idr_alloc and idr_remove under
shrinker_rwsem in write mode, so that should be fine.

unregister_memcg_shrinker() calls idr_remove after asserting &shrinker_rwsem
is held (although not asserting that it's held for write ... hmm ... but
both callers appear to hold it for write anyway)

so i don't see why we'd get a UAF here.

anyway, adding Qi Zheng to the cc since they're responsible for the
shrinker code.

> > > 817 void *radix_tree_lookup(const struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
> > > 818 {
> > > 819 return __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, NULL, NULL);==>
> > > 820 }
> > >
> > >
> > > ==> 747 void *__radix_tree_lookup(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
> > > 748 unsigned long index, struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
> > > 749 void __rcu ***slotp)
> > > 750 {
> > > 751 struct radix_tree_node *node, *parent;
> > > 752 unsigned long maxindex;
> > > 753 void __rcu **slot;
> > > 754
> > > 755 restart:
> > > 756 parent = NULL;
> > > 757 slot = (void __rcu **)&root->xa_head;
> > > 758 radix_tree_load_root(root, &node, &maxindex);
> > > 759 if (index > maxindex)
> > > 760 return NULL;
> > > 761
> > > 762 while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node)) {
> > > ^..may be (1)
> > > 763 unsigned offset;
> > > 764
> > > 765 parent = entry_to_node(node);
> > > 766 offset = radix_tree_descend(parent, &node, index);
> > > 767 slot = parent->slots + offset;
> > > 768 if (node == RADIX_TREE_RETRY)
> > > 769 goto restart;
> > > 770 if (parent->shift == 0)
> > > 771 break;
> > > 772 }
> > > 773
> > > 774 if (nodep)
> > > 775 *nodep = parent;
> > > 776 if (slotp)
> > > 777 *slotp = slot;
> > > 778 return node;
> > > 779 }
> > >
> > > looking at the backtrack:
> > >
> > > 1)
> > >
> > > [ 2351.169619][ T88] ==================================================================
> > > [ 2351.170501][ T88] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in radix_tree_lookup+0x12d/0x290
> > > [ 2351.171365][ T88] Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880675ab1a8 by task kswapd0/88
> > > [ 2351.172129][ T88]
> > > [ 2351.172393][ T88] CPU: 0 PID: 88 Comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc6 #1
> > > [ 2351.173124][ T88] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.10.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
> > > [ 2351.174222][ T88] Call Trace:
> > > [ 2351.174593][ T88]
> > > [ 2351.174930][ T88] dump_stack_lvl+0x1ae/0x2a0
> > > [ 2351.175483][ T88] ? show_regs_print_info+0x20/0x20
> > > [ 2351.176077][ T88] ? _printk+0xc0/0x100
> > > [ 2351.176571][ T88] ? vprintk_emit+0x109/0x1e0
> > > [ 2351.177112][ T88] ? __wake_up_klogd+0xcc/0x100
> > > [ 2351.177697][ T88] ? log_buf_vmcoreinfo_setup+0x4a0/0x4a0
> > > [ 2351.178358][ T88] ? _printk+0xc0/0x100
> > > [ 2351.178830][ T88] print_address_description+0x78/0x390
> > > [ 2351.179465][ T88] print_report+0x107/0x1e0
> > > [ 2351.179982][ T88] ? __virt_addr_valid+0x21b/0x2d0
> > > [ 2351.180581][ T88] ? __phys_addr+0xb5/0x160
> > > [ 2351.181107][ T88] ? radix_tree_lookup+0x12d/0x290
> > > [ 2351.181682][ T88] kasan_report+0xcd/0x100
> > > [ 2351.182171][ T88] ? radix_tree_lookup+0x12d/0x290
> > > [ 2351.182721][ T88] radix_tree_lookup+0x12d/0x290
> > > [ 2351.183256][ T88] shrink_slab_memcg+0x369/0x7c0
> > > [ 2351.183791][ T88] ? shrink_slab+0x3c0/0x3c0
> > > [ 2351.184657][ T88] ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x3e2/0x750
> > > [ 2351.186670][ T88] shrink_slab+0xbd/0x3c0
> > > [ 2351.188672][ T88] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x8b/0x120
> > > [ 2351.190625][ T88] ? lockdep_hardirqs_on+0x8d/0x130
> > > [ 2351.191796][ T88] ? free_shrinker_info_rcu+0x20/0x20
> > > [ 2351.192381][ T88] shrink_one+0x30e/0x750
> > > [ 2351.192853][ T88] shrink_many+0x3ce/0x6d0
> > > [ 2351.193354][ T88] lru_gen_shrink_node+0x3c1/0x5c0
> > > [ 2351.193907][ T88] ? shrink_node+0xb6/0x1040
> > > [ 2351.194406][ T88] ? shrink_node+0x1040/0x1040
> > > [ 2351.194926][ T88] ? pgdat_balanced+0x1e8/0x210
> > > [ 2351.195465][ T88] balance_pgdat+0xca7/0x1ac0
> > >
> > > 2)
> > > Or could be in
> > >
> > > 747 void *__radix_tree_lookup(const struct radix_tree_root *root,
> > > 748 unsigned long index, struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
> > > 749 void __rcu ***slotp)
> > > 750 {
> > > ..
> > > 762 while (radix_tree_is_internal_node(node)) {
> > > 763 unsigned offset;
> > > 764
> > > 765 parent = entry_to_node(node);
> > > 766 offset = radix_tree_descend(parent, &node, index);------- (2)
> > > ^....//Here
> > >
> > >
> > > CPU: 0 PID: 88 Comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc6 #1
> > > Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.10.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
> > > Call Trace:
> > > __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
> > > dump_stack_lvl+0x1ae/0x2a0 lib/dump_stack.c:106
> > > print_address_description+0x78/0x390 mm/kasan/report.c:351
> > > print_report+0x107/0x1e0 mm/kasan/report.c:462
> > > kasan_report+0xcd/0x100 mm/kasan/report.c:572
> > > radix_tree_descend lib/radix-tree.c:87 [inline]
> > > ^....................................................//here (2)
> > > __radix_tree_lookup lib/radix-tree.c:764 [inline]
> > > radix_tree_lookup+0x12d/0x290 lib/radix-tree.c:817
> > > shrink_slab_memcg+0x369/0x7c0 mm/vmscan.c:970
> > > shrink_slab+0xbd/0x3c0 mm/vmscan.c:1062
> > > shrink_one+0x30e/0x750 mm/vmscan.c:5380
> > > shrink_many+0x3ce/0x6d0 mm/vmscan.c:5430
> > > lru_gen_shrink_node+0x3c1/0x5c0 mm/vmscan.c:5547
> > > kswapd_shrink_node mm/vmscan.c:7288 [inline]
> > > balance_pgdat+0xca7/0x1ac0 mm/vmscan.c:7478
> > > kswapd+0x2a5/0x540 mm/vmscan.c:7738
> > > kthread+0x2eb/0x310 kernel/kthread.c:379
> > > ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:308
> > >
> > > So, I have assigned CVE-2023-4610 to this defect.
> > >
> > > We will appreciate if this is notified to the upstream and if there are any patch suggestions identified.
> > >
> > > Regards,
> > > Rohit
> >
> > Message-ID: <CALf2hKs61RkLpoMNb9b2Zcq-wHYnQceb6+s6sdG6E+a2Egx1CA@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> > > Hi Rohit,
> > >
> > > Thanks for you attention to this issue. May I ask that is
> > > CVE-2023-4610 an internal cve of RedHat or a cve recognized by Mitre?
> > >
> > > Also, I would like to know if the latest status of this issue has been
> > > reported to Upstream? If not, do I need to forward all the previous
> > > messages to Upstream such as linux-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx?
> > >
> > > Best Regards,
> > > Zhiyu
> >
> > Message-ID: <29561486.28558.1693805923362@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> > > Hi Zhiyu,
> > >
> > > > May I ask that is CVE-2023-4610 an internal cve of RedHat or a cve recognized by Mitre?
> > >
> > > It is recognized by Mitre, so it is regular CVE for everyone. When you will discuss it with Upstream, please refer to this existing CVE num.
> > >
> > > > Also, I would like to know if the latest status of this issue has been reported to Upstream?
> > > > If not, do I need to forward all the previous messages to Upstream such as linux-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx?
> > >
> > > No, from Red Hat we didn't inform Upstream instead of you.
> > > We keep this one as embargoed currently (not visible outside of Red Hat).
> > > Please forward all the details to the Upstream ( I think linux-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx good to start with).
> > >
> > > Thank you,
> > > - Alexander Larkin
> > > Senior Product Security Engineer
> >
> > Hope these would help you check and fix the problem.
> >
> > Best regards,
> > Zhiyu Zhang
> >
> >
> > Zhang Zhiyu <zhiyuzhang999@xxxxxxxxx> 于2023年8月7日周一 23:54写道：
> > >
> > > Hi,
> > >
> > > I found a KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in radix_tree_lookup while
> > > fuzzing Linux kernel 6.4-rc6 with my modified syzkaller in 24 July.
> > >
> > > The report, log, and config can be downloaded from:
> > > https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KiZCUHEyp-_Mbq8wdXvjPLs6KU-12JwM/view?usp=sharing
> > >
> > > Here is the bug-related key info:
> > >
> > > BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in radix_tree_descend
> > > lib/radix-tree.c:87 [inline]
> > > BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __radix_tree_lookup
> > > lib/radix-tree.c:764 [inline]
> > > BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in radix_tree_lookup+0x12d/0x290
> > > lib/radix-tree.c:817
> > > Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880675ab1a8 by task kswapd0/88
> > >
> > > I have preliminarily anlyzed the root cause. The suspected UAF Read is
> > > located in the __radix_tree_lookup function, which is part of the
> > > Radix Tree implementation in the Linux kernel. The condition check
> > > radix_tree_is_internal_node(node) in the while loop is used to verify
> > > if the node is an internal node. However, this check does not fully
> > > guarantee that the passed pointer node is always valid. If an invalid
> > > node pointer is passed to this function, it could lead to undefined
> > > behavior, potentially including a Use-After-Free Read.
> > >
> > > As this is a data race uaf, the syzkaller* cannot easily generate POC.
> > > I am still trying to construct a POC. By comparing the code of
> > > radix-tree.c, the vulnerability affects versions ranging from 6.4-rc6
> > > to the latest mainline.
> > >
> > > I recommend to patch it by adding invalid check of node in
> > > __radix_tree_lookup, if it is validated as a bug.
> > >
> > > Best. Have a good day!
> > > Zhiyu Zhang
> >

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Previous message: kirill.shutemov@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx: "Re: [PATCH 13/13] x86/acpi: Add support for CPU offlining for ACPI MADT wakeup method"
In reply to: Petr Mladek: "Re: KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in radix_tree_lookup in&after Linux Kernel 6.4-rc6"
Next in thread: Qi Zheng: "Re: KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in radix_tree_lookup in&after Linux Kernel 6.4-rc6"
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