[PATCH net-next v9 2/6] page_pool: unify frag_count handling in page_pool_is_last_frag()

From: Yunsheng Lin
Date: Wed Sep 20 2023 - 08:02:33 EST


Currently when page_pool_create() is called with
PP_FLAG_PAGE_FRAG flag, page_pool_alloc_pages() is only
allowed to be called under the below constraints:
1. page_pool_fragment_page() need to be called to setup
page->pp_frag_count immediately.
2. page_pool_defrag_page() often need to be called to drain
the page->pp_frag_count when there is no more user will
be holding on to that page.

Those constraints exist in order to support a page to be
split into multi frags.

And those constraints have some overhead because of the
cache line dirtying/bouncing and atomic update.

Those constraints are unavoidable for case when we need a
page to be split into more than one frag, but there is also
case that we want to avoid the above constraints and their
overhead when a page can't be split as it can only hold a big
frag as requested by user, depending on different use cases:
use case 1: allocate page without page splitting.
use case 2: allocate page with page splitting.
use case 3: allocate page with or without page splitting
depending on the frag size.

Currently page pool only provide page_pool_alloc_pages() and
page_pool_alloc_frag() API to enable the 1 & 2 separately,
so we can not use a combination of 1 & 2 to enable 3, it is
not possible yet because of the per page_pool flag
PP_FLAG_PAGE_FRAG.

So in order to allow allocating unsplit page without the
overhead of split page while still allow allocating split
page we need to remove the per page_pool flag in
page_pool_is_last_frag(), as best as I can think of, it seems
there are two methods as below:
1. Add per page flag/bit to indicate a page is split or
not, which means we might need to update that flag/bit
everytime the page is recycled, dirtying the cache line
of 'struct page' for use case 1.
2. Unify the page->pp_frag_count handling for both split and
unsplit page by assuming all pages in the page pool is split
into a big frag initially.

As page pool already supports use case 1 without dirtying the
cache line of 'struct page' whenever a page is recyclable, we
need to support the above use case 3 with minimal overhead,
especially not adding any noticeable overhead for use case 1,
and we are already doing an optimization by not updating
pp_frag_count in page_pool_defrag_page() for the last frag
user, this patch chooses to unify the pp_frag_count handling
to support the above use case 3.

There is no noticeable performance degradation and some
justification for unifying the frag_count handling with this
patch applied using a micro-benchmark testing in [1].

1. https://lore.kernel.org/all/bf2591f8-7b3c-4480-bb2c-31dc9da1d6ac@xxxxxxxxxx/

Signed-off-by: Yunsheng Lin <linyunsheng@xxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@xxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Alexander Duyck <alexander.duyck@xxxxxxxxx>
CC: Liang Chen <liangchen.linux@xxxxxxxxx>
CC: Alexander Lobakin <aleksander.lobakin@xxxxxxxxx>
---
include/net/page_pool/helpers.h | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
net/core/page_pool.c | 10 ++++++-
2 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/net/page_pool/helpers.h b/include/net/page_pool/helpers.h
index 8e1c85de4995..0ec81b91bed8 100644
--- a/include/net/page_pool/helpers.h
+++ b/include/net/page_pool/helpers.h
@@ -115,28 +115,50 @@ static inline long page_pool_defrag_page(struct page *page, long nr)
long ret;

/* If nr == pp_frag_count then we have cleared all remaining
- * references to the page. No need to actually overwrite it, instead
- * we can leave this to be overwritten by the calling function.
+ * references to the page:
+ * 1. 'n == 1': no need to actually overwrite it.
+ * 2. 'n != 1': overwrite it with one, which is the rare case
+ * for frag draining.
*
- * The main advantage to doing this is that an atomic_read is
- * generally a much cheaper operation than an atomic update,
- * especially when dealing with a page that may be partitioned
- * into only 2 or 3 pieces.
+ * The main advantage to doing this is that not only we avoid a
+ * atomic update, as an atomic_read is generally a much cheaper
+ * operation than an atomic update, especially when dealing with
+ * a page that may be partitioned into only 2 or 3 pieces; but
+ * also unify the frag and non-frag handling by ensuring all
+ * pages have been split into one big frag initially, and only
+ * overwrite it when the page is split into more than one frag.
*/
- if (atomic_long_read(&page->pp_frag_count) == nr)
+ if (atomic_long_read(&page->pp_frag_count) == nr) {
+ /* As we have ensured nr is always one for constant case
+ * using the BUILD_BUG_ON(), only need to handle the
+ * non-constant case here for frag count draining, which
+ * is a rare case.
+ */
+ BUILD_BUG_ON(__builtin_constant_p(nr) && nr != 1);
+ if (!__builtin_constant_p(nr))
+ atomic_long_set(&page->pp_frag_count, 1);
+
return 0;
+ }

ret = atomic_long_sub_return(nr, &page->pp_frag_count);
WARN_ON(ret < 0);
+
+ /* We are the last user here too, reset frag count back to 1 to
+ * ensure all pages have been split into one big frag initially,
+ * this should be the rare case when the last two frag users call
+ * page_pool_defrag_page() currently.
+ */
+ if (unlikely(!ret))
+ atomic_long_set(&page->pp_frag_count, 1);
+
return ret;
}

-static inline bool page_pool_is_last_frag(struct page_pool *pool,
- struct page *page)
+static inline bool page_pool_is_last_frag(struct page *page)
{
- /* If fragments aren't enabled or count is 0 we were the last user */
- return !(pool->p.flags & PP_FLAG_PAGE_FRAG) ||
- (page_pool_defrag_page(page, 1) == 0);
+ /* If page_pool_defrag_page() returns 0, we were the last user */
+ return page_pool_defrag_page(page, 1) == 0;
}

/**
@@ -161,7 +183,7 @@ static inline void page_pool_put_page(struct page_pool *pool,
* allow registering MEM_TYPE_PAGE_POOL, but shield linker.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_POOL
- if (!page_pool_is_last_frag(pool, page))
+ if (!page_pool_is_last_frag(page))
return;

page_pool_put_defragged_page(pool, page, dma_sync_size, allow_direct);
diff --git a/net/core/page_pool.c b/net/core/page_pool.c
index 8a9868ea5067..403b6df2e144 100644
--- a/net/core/page_pool.c
+++ b/net/core/page_pool.c
@@ -376,6 +376,14 @@ static void page_pool_set_pp_info(struct page_pool *pool,
{
page->pp = pool;
page->pp_magic |= PP_SIGNATURE;
+
+ /* Ensuring all pages have been split into one big frag initially:
+ * page_pool_set_pp_info() is only called once for every page when it
+ * is allocated from the page allocator and page_pool_fragment_page()
+ * is dirtying the same cache line as the page->pp_magic above, so
+ * the overhead is negligible.
+ */
+ page_pool_fragment_page(page, 1);
if (pool->p.init_callback)
pool->p.init_callback(page, pool->p.init_arg);
}
@@ -672,7 +680,7 @@ void page_pool_put_page_bulk(struct page_pool *pool, void **data,
struct page *page = virt_to_head_page(data[i]);

/* It is not the last user for the page frag case */
- if (!page_pool_is_last_frag(pool, page))
+ if (!page_pool_is_last_frag(page))
continue;

page = __page_pool_put_page(pool, page, -1, false);
--
2.33.0