[tip: sched/core] kernel/fork: beware of __put_task_struct() calling context

[tip-bot2 for Wander Lairson Costa]

The following commit has been merged into the sched/core branch of tip:

Commit-ID:     d243b34459cea30cfe5f3a9b2feb44e7daff9938
Gitweb:        https://git.kernel.org/tip/d243b34459cea30cfe5f3a9b2feb44e7daff9938
Author:        Wander Lairson Costa <wander@xxxxxxxxxx>
AuthorDate:    Wed, 14 Jun 2023 09:23:21 -03:00
Committer:     Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
CommitterDate: Thu, 13 Jul 2023 15:21:48 +02:00

kernel/fork: beware of __put_task_struct() calling context

Under PREEMPT_RT, __put_task_struct() indirectly acquires sleeping
locks. Therefore, it can't be called from an non-preemptible context.

One practical example is splat inside inactive_task_timer(), which is
called in a interrupt context:

  CPU: 1 PID: 2848 Comm: life Kdump: loaded Tainted: G W ---------
   Hardware name: HP ProLiant DL388p Gen8, BIOS P70 07/15/2012
   Call Trace:
   dump_stack_lvl+0x57/0x7d
   mark_lock_irq.cold+0x33/0xba
   mark_lock+0x1e7/0x400
   mark_usage+0x11d/0x140
   __lock_acquire+0x30d/0x930
   lock_acquire.part.0+0x9c/0x210
   rt_spin_lock+0x27/0xe0
   refill_obj_stock+0x3d/0x3a0
   kmem_cache_free+0x357/0x560
   inactive_task_timer+0x1ad/0x340
   __run_hrtimer+0x8a/0x1a0
   __hrtimer_run_queues+0x91/0x130
   hrtimer_interrupt+0x10f/0x220
   __sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x7b/0xd0
   sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x4f/0xd0
   asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x12/0x20
   RIP: 0033:0x7fff196bf6f5

Instead of calling __put_task_struct() directly, we defer it using
call_rcu(). A more natural approach would use a workqueue, but since
in PREEMPT_RT, we can't allocate dynamic memory from atomic context,
the code would become more complex because we would need to put the
work_struct instance in the task_struct and initialize it when we
allocate a new task_struct.

The issue is reproducible with stress-ng:

  while true; do
      stress-ng --sched deadline --sched-period 1000000000 \
	      --sched-runtime 800000000 --sched-deadline \
	      1000000000 --mmapfork 23 -t 20
  done

Reported-by: Hu Chunyu <chuhu@xxxxxxxxxx>
Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@xxxxxxxxxx>
Suggested-by: Valentin Schneider <vschneid@xxxxxxxxxx>
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Wander Lairson Costa <wander@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230614122323.37957-2-wander@xxxxxxxxxx
---
 include/linux/sched/task.h | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 kernel/fork.c              |  8 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/sched/task.h b/include/linux/sched/task.h
index dd35ce2..6b687c1 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched/task.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched/task.h
@@ -118,10 +118,36 @@ static inline struct task_struct *get_task_struct(struct task_struct *t)
 }
 
 extern void __put_task_struct(struct task_struct *t);
+extern void __put_task_struct_rcu_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp);
 
 static inline void put_task_struct(struct task_struct *t)
 {
-	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&t->usage))
+	if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&t->usage))
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * under PREEMPT_RT, we can't call put_task_struct
+	 * in atomic context because it will indirectly
+	 * acquire sleeping locks.
+	 *
+	 * call_rcu() will schedule delayed_put_task_struct_rcu()
+	 * to be called in process context.
+	 *
+	 * __put_task_struct() is called when
+	 * refcount_dec_and_test(&t->usage) succeeds.
+	 *
+	 * This means that it can't "conflict" with
+	 * put_task_struct_rcu_user() which abuses ->rcu the same
+	 * way; rcu_users has a reference so task->usage can't be
+	 * zero after rcu_users 1 -> 0 transition.
+	 *
+	 * delayed_free_task() also uses ->rcu, but it is only called
+	 * when it fails to fork a process. Therefore, there is no
+	 * way it can conflict with put_task_struct().
+	 */
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT) && !preemptible())
+		call_rcu(&t->rcu, __put_task_struct_rcu_cb);
+	else
 		__put_task_struct(t);
 }
 
diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
index d2e12b6..f811497 100644
--- a/kernel/fork.c
+++ b/kernel/fork.c
@@ -985,6 +985,14 @@ void __put_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__put_task_struct);
 
+void __put_task_struct_rcu_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
+{
+	struct task_struct *task = container_of(rhp, struct task_struct, rcu);
+
+	__put_task_struct(task);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__put_task_struct_rcu_cb);
+
 void __init __weak arch_task_cache_init(void) { }
 
 /*