[PATCH cgroup/for-6.0-fixes] cgroup: Fix threadgroup_rwsem <-> cpus_read_lock() deadlock

From: Tejun Heo
Date: Tue Aug 16 2022 - 02:02:43 EST


Bringing up a CPU may involve creating new tasks which requires read-locking
threadgroup_rwsem, so threadgroup_rwsem nests inside cpus_read_lock().
However, cpuset's ->attach(), which may be called with thredagroup_rwsem
write-locked, also wants to disable CPU hotplug and acquires
cpus_read_lock(), leading to a deadlock.

Fix it by guaranteeing that ->attach() is always called with CPU hotplug
disabled and removing cpus_read_lock() call from cpuset_attach().

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
Hello, sorry about the delay.

So, the previous patch + the revert isn't quite correct because we sometimes
elide both cpus_read_lock() and threadgroup_rwsem together and
cpuset_attach() woudl end up running without CPU hotplug enabled. Can you
please test whether this patch fixes the problem?

Thanks.

kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c | 77 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c | 3 -
2 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c
index ffaccd6373f1e..52502f34fae8c 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c
@@ -2369,6 +2369,47 @@ int task_cgroup_path(struct task_struct *task, char *buf, size_t buflen)
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(task_cgroup_path);

+/**
+ * cgroup_attach_lock - Lock for ->attach()
+ * @lock_threadgroup: whether to down_write cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem
+ *
+ * cgroup migration sometimes needs to stabilize threadgroups against forks and
+ * exits by write-locking cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem. However, some ->attach()
+ * implementations (e.g. cpuset), also need to disable CPU hotplug.
+ * Unfortunately, letting ->attach() operations acquire cpus_read_lock() can
+ * lead to deadlocks.
+ *
+ * Bringing up a CPU may involve creating new tasks which requires read-locking
+ * threadgroup_rwsem, so threadgroup_rwsem nests inside cpus_read_lock(). If we
+ * call an ->attach() which acquires the cpus lock while write-locking
+ * threadgroup_rwsem, the locking order is reversed and we end up waiting for an
+ * on-going CPU hotplug operation which in turn is waiting for the
+ * threadgroup_rwsem to be released to create new tasks. For more details:
+ *
+ * http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220711174629.uehfmqegcwn2lqzu@wubuntu
+ *
+ * Resolve the situation by always acquiring cpus_read_lock() before optionally
+ * write-locking cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem. This allows ->attach() to assume that
+ * CPU hotplug is disabled on entry.
+ */
+static void cgroup_attach_lock(bool lock_threadgroup)
+{
+ cpus_read_lock();
+ if (lock_threadgroup)
+ percpu_down_write(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
+}
+
+/**
+ * cgroup_attach_unlock - Undo cgroup_attach_lock()
+ * @lock_threadgroup: whether to up_write cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem
+ */
+static void cgroup_attach_unlock(bool lock_threadgroup)
+{
+ if (lock_threadgroup)
+ percpu_up_write(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
+ cpus_read_unlock();
+}
+
/**
* cgroup_migrate_add_task - add a migration target task to a migration context
* @task: target task
@@ -2841,8 +2882,7 @@ int cgroup_attach_task(struct cgroup *dst_cgrp, struct task_struct *leader,
}

struct task_struct *cgroup_procs_write_start(char *buf, bool threadgroup,
- bool *locked)
- __acquires(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem)
+ bool *threadgroup_locked)
{
struct task_struct *tsk;
pid_t pid;
@@ -2859,12 +2899,8 @@ struct task_struct *cgroup_procs_write_start(char *buf, bool threadgroup,
* Therefore, we can skip the global lock.
*/
lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
- if (pid || threadgroup) {
- percpu_down_write(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
- *locked = true;
- } else {
- *locked = false;
- }
+ *threadgroup_locked = pid || threadgroup;
+ cgroup_attach_lock(*threadgroup_locked);

rcu_read_lock();
if (pid) {
@@ -2895,17 +2931,14 @@ struct task_struct *cgroup_procs_write_start(char *buf, bool threadgroup,
goto out_unlock_rcu;

out_unlock_threadgroup:
- if (*locked) {
- percpu_up_write(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
- *locked = false;
- }
+ cgroup_attach_unlock(*threadgroup_locked);
+ *threadgroup_locked = false;
out_unlock_rcu:
rcu_read_unlock();
return tsk;
}

-void cgroup_procs_write_finish(struct task_struct *task, bool locked)
- __releases(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem)
+void cgroup_procs_write_finish(struct task_struct *task, bool threadgroup_locked)
{
struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
int ssid;
@@ -2913,8 +2946,8 @@ void cgroup_procs_write_finish(struct task_struct *task, bool locked)
/* release reference from cgroup_procs_write_start() */
put_task_struct(task);

- if (locked)
- percpu_up_write(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
+ cgroup_attach_unlock(threadgroup_locked);
+
for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
if (ss->post_attach)
ss->post_attach();
@@ -3000,8 +3033,7 @@ static int cgroup_update_dfl_csses(struct cgroup *cgrp)
* write-locking can be skipped safely.
*/
has_tasks = !list_empty(&mgctx.preloaded_src_csets);
- if (has_tasks)
- percpu_down_write(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
+ cgroup_attach_lock(has_tasks);

/* NULL dst indicates self on default hierarchy */
ret = cgroup_migrate_prepare_dst(&mgctx);
@@ -3022,8 +3054,7 @@ static int cgroup_update_dfl_csses(struct cgroup *cgrp)
ret = cgroup_migrate_execute(&mgctx);
out_finish:
cgroup_migrate_finish(&mgctx);
- if (has_tasks)
- percpu_up_write(&cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
+ cgroup_attach_unlock(has_tasks);
return ret;
}

@@ -4971,13 +5002,13 @@ static ssize_t __cgroup_procs_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
struct task_struct *task;
const struct cred *saved_cred;
ssize_t ret;
- bool locked;
+ bool threadgroup_locked;

dst_cgrp = cgroup_kn_lock_live(of->kn, false);
if (!dst_cgrp)
return -ENODEV;

- task = cgroup_procs_write_start(buf, threadgroup, &locked);
+ task = cgroup_procs_write_start(buf, threadgroup, &threadgroup_locked);
ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(task);
if (ret)
goto out_unlock;
@@ -5003,7 +5034,7 @@ static ssize_t __cgroup_procs_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
ret = cgroup_attach_task(dst_cgrp, task, threadgroup);

out_finish:
- cgroup_procs_write_finish(task, locked);
+ cgroup_procs_write_finish(task, threadgroup_locked);
out_unlock:
cgroup_kn_unlock(of->kn);

diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c b/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c
index 58aadfda9b8b3..1f3a55297f39d 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c
@@ -2289,7 +2289,7 @@ static void cpuset_attach(struct cgroup_taskset *tset)
cgroup_taskset_first(tset, &css);
cs = css_cs(css);

- cpus_read_lock();
+ lockdep_assert_cpus_held(); /* see cgroup_attach_lock() */
percpu_down_write(&cpuset_rwsem);

guarantee_online_mems(cs, &cpuset_attach_nodemask_to);
@@ -2343,7 +2343,6 @@ static void cpuset_attach(struct cgroup_taskset *tset)
wake_up(&cpuset_attach_wq);

percpu_up_write(&cpuset_rwsem);
- cpus_read_unlock();
}

/* The various types of files and directories in a cpuset file system */