Re: [PATCH v12 10/31] mm: protect VMA modifications using VMA sequence count

From: Jerome Glisse
Date: Mon Apr 22 2019 - 16:08:36 EST


On Tue, Apr 16, 2019 at 03:45:01PM +0200, Laurent Dufour wrote:
> The VMA sequence count has been introduced to allow fast detection of
> VMA modification when running a page fault handler without holding
> the mmap_sem.
>
> This patch provides protection against the VMA modification done in :
> - madvise()
> - mpol_rebind_policy()
> - vma_replace_policy()
> - change_prot_numa()
> - mlock(), munlock()
> - mprotect()
> - mmap_region()
> - collapse_huge_page()
> - userfaultd registering services
>
> In addition, VMA fields which will be read during the speculative fault
> path needs to be written using WRITE_ONCE to prevent write to be split
> and intermediate values to be pushed to other CPUs.
>
> Signed-off-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>

Reviewed-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@xxxxxxxxxx>

> ---
> fs/proc/task_mmu.c | 5 ++++-
> fs/userfaultfd.c | 17 ++++++++++++----
> mm/khugepaged.c | 3 +++
> mm/madvise.c | 6 +++++-
> mm/mempolicy.c | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
> mm/mlock.c | 13 +++++++-----
> mm/mmap.c | 28 ++++++++++++++++---------
> mm/mprotect.c | 4 +++-
> mm/swap_state.c | 10 ++++++---
> 9 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/fs/proc/task_mmu.c b/fs/proc/task_mmu.c
> index 01d4eb0e6bd1..0864c050b2de 100644
> --- a/fs/proc/task_mmu.c
> +++ b/fs/proc/task_mmu.c
> @@ -1162,8 +1162,11 @@ static ssize_t clear_refs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
> goto out_mm;
> }
> for (vma = mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
> - vma->vm_flags &= ~VM_SOFTDIRTY;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags,
> + vma->vm_flags & ~VM_SOFTDIRTY);
> vma_set_page_prot(vma);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> }
> downgrade_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
> break;
> diff --git a/fs/userfaultfd.c b/fs/userfaultfd.c
> index 3b30301c90ec..2e0f98cadd81 100644
> --- a/fs/userfaultfd.c
> +++ b/fs/userfaultfd.c
> @@ -667,8 +667,11 @@ int dup_userfaultfd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct list_head *fcs)
>
> octx = vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx.ctx;
> if (!octx || !(octx->features & UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK)) {
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx = NULL_VM_UFFD_CTX;
> - vma->vm_flags &= ~(VM_UFFD_WP | VM_UFFD_MISSING);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags,
> + vma->vm_flags & ~(VM_UFFD_WP | VM_UFFD_MISSING));
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> return 0;
> }
>
> @@ -908,8 +911,10 @@ static int userfaultfd_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
> vma = prev;
> else
> prev = vma;
> - vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, new_flags);
> vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx = NULL_VM_UFFD_CTX;
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> }
> skip_mm:
> up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
> @@ -1474,8 +1479,10 @@ static int userfaultfd_register(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
> * the next vma was merged into the current one and
> * the current one has not been updated yet.
> */
> - vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, new_flags);
> vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx.ctx = ctx;
> + vm_write_end(vma);
>
> skip:
> prev = vma;
> @@ -1636,8 +1643,10 @@ static int userfaultfd_unregister(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
> * the next vma was merged into the current one and
> * the current one has not been updated yet.
> */
> - vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, new_flags);
> vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx = NULL_VM_UFFD_CTX;
> + vm_write_end(vma);
>
> skip:
> prev = vma;
> diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
> index a335f7c1fac4..6a0cbca3885e 100644
> --- a/mm/khugepaged.c
> +++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
> @@ -1011,6 +1011,7 @@ static void collapse_huge_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
> if (mm_find_pmd(mm, address) != pmd)
> goto out;
>
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> anon_vma_lock_write(vma->anon_vma);
>
> pte = pte_offset_map(pmd, address);
> @@ -1046,6 +1047,7 @@ static void collapse_huge_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
> pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pmd_pgtable(_pmd));
> spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
> anon_vma_unlock_write(vma->anon_vma);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> result = SCAN_FAIL;
> goto out;
> }
> @@ -1081,6 +1083,7 @@ static void collapse_huge_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
> set_pmd_at(mm, address, pmd, _pmd);
> update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
> spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
>
> *hpage = NULL;
>
> diff --git a/mm/madvise.c b/mm/madvise.c
> index a692d2a893b5..6cf07dc546fc 100644
> --- a/mm/madvise.c
> +++ b/mm/madvise.c
> @@ -184,7 +184,9 @@ static long madvise_behavior(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> /*
> * vm_flags is protected by the mmap_sem held in write mode.
> */
> - vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, new_flags);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> out:
> return error;
> }
> @@ -450,9 +452,11 @@ static void madvise_free_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
> .private = tlb,
> };
>
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
> walk_page_range(addr, end, &free_walk);
> tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> }
>
> static int madvise_free_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> diff --git a/mm/mempolicy.c b/mm/mempolicy.c
> index 2219e747df49..94c103c5034a 100644
> --- a/mm/mempolicy.c
> +++ b/mm/mempolicy.c
> @@ -380,8 +380,11 @@ void mpol_rebind_mm(struct mm_struct *mm, nodemask_t *new)
> struct vm_area_struct *vma;
>
> down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
> - for (vma = mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next)
> + for (vma = mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> mpol_rebind_policy(vma->vm_policy, new);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> + }
> up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
> }
>
> @@ -575,9 +578,11 @@ unsigned long change_prot_numa(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> {
> int nr_updated;
>
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> nr_updated = change_protection(vma, addr, end, PAGE_NONE, 0, 1);
> if (nr_updated)
> count_vm_numa_events(NUMA_PTE_UPDATES, nr_updated);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
>
> return nr_updated;
> }
> @@ -683,6 +688,7 @@ static int vma_replace_policy(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> if (IS_ERR(new))
> return PTR_ERR(new);
>
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->set_policy) {
> err = vma->vm_ops->set_policy(vma, new);
> if (err)
> @@ -690,11 +696,17 @@ static int vma_replace_policy(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> }
>
> old = vma->vm_policy;
> - vma->vm_policy = new; /* protected by mmap_sem */
> + /*
> + * The speculative page fault handler accesses this field without
> + * hodling the mmap_sem.
> + */
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_policy, new);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> mpol_put(old);
>
> return 0;
> err_out:
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> mpol_put(new);
> return err;
> }
> @@ -1654,23 +1666,28 @@ COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE4(migrate_pages, compat_pid_t, pid,
> struct mempolicy *__get_vma_policy(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> unsigned long addr)
> {
> - struct mempolicy *pol = NULL;
> + struct mempolicy *pol;
>
> - if (vma) {
> - if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->get_policy) {
> - pol = vma->vm_ops->get_policy(vma, addr);
> - } else if (vma->vm_policy) {
> - pol = vma->vm_policy;
> + if (!vma)
> + return NULL;
>
> - /*
> - * shmem_alloc_page() passes MPOL_F_SHARED policy with
> - * a pseudo vma whose vma->vm_ops=NULL. Take a reference
> - * count on these policies which will be dropped by
> - * mpol_cond_put() later
> - */
> - if (mpol_needs_cond_ref(pol))
> - mpol_get(pol);
> - }
> + if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->get_policy)
> + return vma->vm_ops->get_policy(vma, addr);
> +
> + /*
> + * This could be called without holding the mmap_sem in the
> + * speculative page fault handler's path.
> + */
> + pol = READ_ONCE(vma->vm_policy);
> + if (pol) {
> + /*
> + * shmem_alloc_page() passes MPOL_F_SHARED policy with
> + * a pseudo vma whose vma->vm_ops=NULL. Take a reference
> + * count on these policies which will be dropped by
> + * mpol_cond_put() later
> + */
> + if (mpol_needs_cond_ref(pol))
> + mpol_get(pol);
> }
>
> return pol;
> diff --git a/mm/mlock.c b/mm/mlock.c
> index 080f3b36415b..f390903d9bbb 100644
> --- a/mm/mlock.c
> +++ b/mm/mlock.c
> @@ -445,7 +445,9 @@ static unsigned long __munlock_pagevec_fill(struct pagevec *pvec,
> void munlock_vma_pages_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
> {
> - vma->vm_flags &= VM_LOCKED_CLEAR_MASK;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED_CLEAR_MASK);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
>
> while (start < end) {
> struct page *page;
> @@ -569,10 +571,11 @@ static int mlock_fixup(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **prev,
> * It's okay if try_to_unmap_one unmaps a page just after we
> * set VM_LOCKED, populate_vma_page_range will bring it back.
> */
> -
> - if (lock)
> - vma->vm_flags = newflags;
> - else
> + if (lock) {
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, newflags);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> + } else
> munlock_vma_pages_range(vma, start, end);
>
> out:
> diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
> index a4e4d52a5148..b77ec0149249 100644
> --- a/mm/mmap.c
> +++ b/mm/mmap.c
> @@ -877,17 +877,18 @@ int __vma_adjust(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
> }
>
> if (start != vma->vm_start) {
> - vma->vm_start = start;
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_start, start);
> start_changed = true;
> }
> if (end != vma->vm_end) {
> - vma->vm_end = end;
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_end, end);
> end_changed = true;
> }
> - vma->vm_pgoff = pgoff;
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_pgoff, pgoff);
> if (adjust_next) {
> - next->vm_start += adjust_next << PAGE_SHIFT;
> - next->vm_pgoff += adjust_next;
> + WRITE_ONCE(next->vm_start,
> + next->vm_start + (adjust_next << PAGE_SHIFT));
> + WRITE_ONCE(next->vm_pgoff, next->vm_pgoff + adjust_next);
> }
>
> if (root) {
> @@ -1850,12 +1851,14 @@ unsigned long mmap_region(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
> out:
> perf_event_mmap(vma);
>
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> vm_stat_account(mm, vm_flags, len >> PAGE_SHIFT);
> if (vm_flags & VM_LOCKED) {
> if ((vm_flags & VM_SPECIAL) || vma_is_dax(vma) ||
> is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) ||
> vma == get_gate_vma(current->mm))
> - vma->vm_flags &= VM_LOCKED_CLEAR_MASK;
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags,
> + vma->vm_flags &= VM_LOCKED_CLEAR_MASK);
> else
> mm->locked_vm += (len >> PAGE_SHIFT);
> }
> @@ -1870,9 +1873,10 @@ unsigned long mmap_region(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
> * then new mapped in-place (which must be aimed as
> * a completely new data area).
> */
> - vma->vm_flags |= VM_SOFTDIRTY;
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, vma->vm_flags | VM_SOFTDIRTY);
>
> vma_set_page_prot(vma);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
>
> return addr;
>
> @@ -2430,7 +2434,9 @@ int expand_upwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
> mm->locked_vm += grow;
> vm_stat_account(mm, vma->vm_flags, grow);
> anon_vma_interval_tree_pre_update_vma(vma);
> - vma->vm_end = address;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_end, address);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> anon_vma_interval_tree_post_update_vma(vma);
> if (vma->vm_next)
> vma_gap_update(vma->vm_next);
> @@ -2510,8 +2516,10 @@ int expand_downwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> mm->locked_vm += grow;
> vm_stat_account(mm, vma->vm_flags, grow);
> anon_vma_interval_tree_pre_update_vma(vma);
> - vma->vm_start = address;
> - vma->vm_pgoff -= grow;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_start, address);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_pgoff, vma->vm_pgoff - grow);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
> anon_vma_interval_tree_post_update_vma(vma);
> vma_gap_update(vma);
> spin_unlock(&mm->page_table_lock);
> diff --git a/mm/mprotect.c b/mm/mprotect.c
> index 65242f1e4457..78fce873ca3a 100644
> --- a/mm/mprotect.c
> +++ b/mm/mprotect.c
> @@ -427,12 +427,14 @@ mprotect_fixup(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **pprev,
> * vm_flags and vm_page_prot are protected by the mmap_sem
> * held in write mode.
> */
> - vma->vm_flags = newflags;
> + vm_write_begin(vma);
> + WRITE_ONCE(vma->vm_flags, newflags);
> dirty_accountable = vma_wants_writenotify(vma, vma->vm_page_prot);
> vma_set_page_prot(vma);
>
> change_protection(vma, start, end, vma->vm_page_prot,
> dirty_accountable, 0);
> + vm_write_end(vma);
>
> /*
> * Private VM_LOCKED VMA becoming writable: trigger COW to avoid major
> diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
> index eb714165afd2..c45f9122b457 100644
> --- a/mm/swap_state.c
> +++ b/mm/swap_state.c
> @@ -523,7 +523,11 @@ static unsigned long swapin_nr_pages(unsigned long offset)
> * This has been extended to use the NUMA policies from the mm triggering
> * the readahead.
> *
> - * Caller must hold read mmap_sem if vmf->vma is not NULL.
> + * Caller must hold down_read on the vma->vm_mm if vmf->vma is not NULL.
> + * This is needed to ensure the VMA will not be freed in our back. In the case
> + * of the speculative page fault handler, this cannot happen, even if we don't
> + * hold the mmap_sem. Callees are assumed to take care of reading VMA's fields
> + * using READ_ONCE() to read consistent values.
> */
> struct page *swap_cluster_readahead(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
> struct vm_fault *vmf)
> @@ -624,9 +628,9 @@ static inline void swap_ra_clamp_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> unsigned long *start,
> unsigned long *end)
> {
> - *start = max3(lpfn, PFN_DOWN(vma->vm_start),
> + *start = max3(lpfn, PFN_DOWN(READ_ONCE(vma->vm_start)),
> PFN_DOWN(faddr & PMD_MASK));
> - *end = min3(rpfn, PFN_DOWN(vma->vm_end),
> + *end = min3(rpfn, PFN_DOWN(READ_ONCE(vma->vm_end)),
> PFN_DOWN((faddr & PMD_MASK) + PMD_SIZE));
> }
>
> --
> 2.21.0
>