Re: Linux 2.6.26.2

[Greg KH]

diff --git a/Documentation/ftrace.txt b/Documentation/ftrace.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 13e4bf0..0000000
--- a/Documentation/ftrace.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1353 +0,0 @@
-		ftrace - Function Tracer
-		========================
-
-Copyright 2008 Red Hat Inc.
-Author: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@xxxxxxxxxx>
-
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-Ftrace is an internal tracer designed to help out developers and
-designers of systems to find what is going on inside the kernel.
-It can be used for debugging or analyzing latencies and performance
-issues that take place outside of user-space.
-
-Although ftrace is the function tracer, it also includes an
-infrastructure that allows for other types of tracing. Some of the
-tracers that are currently in ftrace is a tracer to trace
-context switches, the time it takes for a high priority task to
-run after it was woken up, the time interrupts are disabled, and
-more.
-
-
-The File System
----------------
-
-Ftrace uses the debugfs file system to hold the control files as well
-as the files to display output.
-
-To mount the debugfs system:
-
-  # mkdir /debug
-  # mount -t debugfs nodev /debug
-
-
-That's it! (assuming that you have ftrace configured into your kernel)
-
-After mounting the debugfs, you can see a directory called
-"tracing".  This directory contains the control and output files
-of ftrace. Here is a list of some of the key files:
-
-
- Note: all time values are in microseconds.
-
-  current_tracer : This is used to set or display the current tracer
-		that is configured.
-
-  available_tracers : This holds the different types of tracers that
-		has been compiled into the kernel. The tracers
-		listed here can be configured by echoing in their
-		name into current_tracer.
-
-  tracing_enabled : This sets or displays whether the current_tracer
-		is activated and tracing or not. Echo 0 into this
-		file to disable the tracer or 1 (or non-zero) to
-		enable it.
-
-  trace : This file holds the output of the trace in a human readable
-		format.
-
-  latency_trace : This file shows the same trace but the information
-		is organized more to display possible latencies
-		in the system.
-
-  trace_pipe : The output is the same as the "trace" file but this
-		file is meant to be streamed with live tracing.
-		Reads from this file will block until new data
-		is retrieved. Unlike the "trace" and "latency_trace"
-		files, this file is a consumer. This means reading
-		from this file causes sequential reads to display
-		more current data. Once data is read from this
-		file, it is consumed, and will not be read
-		again with a sequential read. The "trace" and
-		"latency_trace" files are static, and if the
-		tracer isn't adding more data, they will display
-		the same information every time they are read.
-
-  iter_ctrl : This file lets the user control the amount of data
-		that is displayed in one of the above output
-		files.
-
-  trace_max_latency : Some of the tracers record the max latency.
-		For example, the time interrupts are disabled.
-		This time is saved in this file. The max trace
-		will also be stored, and displayed by either
-		"trace" or "latency_trace".  A new max trace will
-		only be recorded if the latency is greater than
-		the value in this file. (in microseconds)
-
-  trace_entries : This sets or displays the number of trace
-		entries each CPU buffer can hold. The tracer buffers
-		are the same size for each CPU, so care must be
-		taken when modifying the trace_entries. The number
-		of actually entries will be the number given
-		times the number of possible CPUS. The buffers
-		are saved as individual pages, and the actual entries
-		will always be rounded up to entries per page.
-
-		This can only be updated when the current_tracer
-		is set to "none".
-
-		NOTE: It is planned on changing the allocated buffers
-		      from being the number of possible CPUS to
-		      the number of online CPUS.
-
-  tracing_cpumask : This is a mask that lets the user only trace
-		on specified CPUS. The format is a hex string
-		representing the CPUS.
-
-  set_ftrace_filter : When dynamic ftrace is configured in, the
-		code is dynamically modified to disable calling
-		of the function profiler (mcount). This lets
-		tracing be configured in with practically no overhead
-		in performance.  This also has a side effect of
-		enabling or disabling specific functions to be
-		traced.  Echoing in names of functions into this
-		file will limit the trace to only those files.
-
-  set_ftrace_notrace: This has the opposite effect that
-		set_ftrace_filter has. Any function that is added
-		here will not be traced. If a function exists
-		in both set_ftrace_filter and set_ftrace_notrace
-		the function will _not_ bet traced.
-
-  available_filter_functions : When a function is encountered the first
-		time by the dynamic tracer, it is recorded and
-		later the call is converted into a nop. This file
-		lists the functions that have been recorded
-		by the dynamic tracer and these functions can
-		be used to set the ftrace filter by the above
-		"set_ftrace_filter" file.
-
-
-The Tracers
------------
-
-Here are the list of current tracers that can be configured.
-
-  ftrace - function tracer that uses mcount to trace all functions.
-		It is possible to filter out which functions that are
-		traced when dynamic ftrace is configured in.
-
-  sched_switch - traces the context switches between tasks.
-
-  irqsoff - traces the areas that disable interrupts and saves off
-  		the trace with the longest max latency.
-		See tracing_max_latency.  When a new max is recorded,
-		it replaces the old trace. It is best to view this
-		trace with the latency_trace file.
-
-  preemptoff - Similar to irqsoff but traces and records the time
-		preemption is disabled.
-
-  preemptirqsoff - Similar to irqsoff and preemptoff, but traces and
-		 records the largest time irqs and/or preemption is
-		 disabled.
-
-  wakeup - Traces and records the max latency that it takes for
-		the highest priority task to get scheduled after
-		it has been woken up.
-
-  none - This is not a tracer. To remove all tracers from tracing
-		simply echo "none" into current_tracer.
-
-
-Examples of using the tracer
-----------------------------
-
-Here are typical examples of using the tracers with only controlling
-them with the debugfs interface (without using any user-land utilities).
-
-Output format:
---------------
-
-Here's an example of the output format of the file "trace"
-
-                             --------
-# tracer: ftrace
-#
-#           TASK-PID   CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION
-#              | |      |          |         |
-            bash-4251  [01] 10152.583854: path_put <-path_walk
-            bash-4251  [01] 10152.583855: dput <-path_put
-            bash-4251  [01] 10152.583855: _atomic_dec_and_lock <-dput
-                             --------
-
-A header is printed with the trace that is represented. In this case
-the tracer is "ftrace". Then a header showing the format. Task name
-"bash", the task PID "4251", the CPU that it was running on
-"01", the timestamp in <secs>.<usecs> format, the function name that was
-traced "path_put" and the parent function that called this function
-"path_walk".
-
-The sched_switch tracer also includes tracing of task wake ups and
-context switches.
-
-     ksoftirqd/1-7     [01]  1453.070013:      7:115:R   +  2916:115:S
-     ksoftirqd/1-7     [01]  1453.070013:      7:115:R   +    10:115:S
-     ksoftirqd/1-7     [01]  1453.070013:      7:115:R ==>    10:115:R
-        events/1-10    [01]  1453.070013:     10:115:S ==>  2916:115:R
-     kondemand/1-2916  [01]  1453.070013:   2916:115:S ==>     7:115:R
-     ksoftirqd/1-7     [01]  1453.070013:      7:115:S ==>     0:140:R
-
-Wake ups are represented by a "+" and the context switches show
-"==>".  The format is:
-
- Context switches:
-
-       Previous task              Next Task
-
-  <pid>:<prio>:<state>  ==>  <pid>:<prio>:<state>
-
- Wake ups:
-
-       Current task               Task waking up
-
-  <pid>:<prio>:<state>    +  <pid>:<prio>:<state>
-
-The prio is the internal kernel priority, which is inverse to the
-priority that is usually displayed by user-space tools. Zero represents
-the highest priority (99). Prio 100 starts the "nice" priorities with
-100 being equal to nice -20 and 139 being nice 19. The prio "140" is
-reserved for the idle task which is the lowest priority thread (pid 0).
-
-
-Latency trace format
---------------------
-
-For traces that display latency times, the latency_trace file gives
-a bit more information to see why a latency happened. Here's a typical
-trace.
-
-# tracer: irqsoff
-#
-irqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 97 us, #3/3, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: swapper-0 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0)
-    -----------------
- => started at: apic_timer_interrupt
- => ended at:   do_softirq
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-  <idle>-0     0d..1    0us+: trace_hardirqs_off_thunk (apic_timer_interrupt)
-  <idle>-0     0d.s.   97us : __do_softirq (do_softirq)
-  <idle>-0     0d.s1   98us : trace_hardirqs_on (do_softirq)
-
-
-vim:ft=help
-
-
-This shows that the current tracer is "irqsoff" tracing the time
-interrupts are disabled. It gives the trace version and the kernel
-this was executed on (2.6.26-rc8). Then it displays the max latency
-in microsecs (97 us). The number of trace entries displayed
-by the total number recorded (both are three: #3/3). The type of
-preemption that was used (PREEMPT). VP, KP, SP, and HP are always zero
-and reserved for later use. #P is the number of online CPUS (#P:2).
-
-The task is the process that was running when the latency happened.
-(swapper pid: 0).
-
-The start and stop that caused the latencies:
-
-  apic_timer_interrupt is where the interrupts were disabled.
-  do_softirq is where they were enabled again.
-
-The next lines after the header are the trace itself. The header
-explains which is which.
-
-  cmd: The name of the process in the trace.
-
-  pid: The PID of that process.
-
-  CPU#: The CPU that the process was running on.
-
-  irqs-off: 'd' interrupts are disabled. '.' otherwise.
-
-  need-resched: 'N' task need_resched is set, '.' otherwise.
-
-  hardirq/softirq:
-	'H' - hard irq happened inside a softirq.
-	'h' - hard irq is running
-	's' - soft irq is running
-	'.' - normal context.
-
-  preempt-depth: The level of preempt_disabled
-
-The above is mostly meaningful for kernel developers.
-
-  time: This differs from the trace output where as the trace output
-	contained a absolute timestamp. This timestamp is relative
-	to the start of the first entry in the the trace.
-
-  delay: This is just to help catch your eye a bit better. And
-	needs to be fixed to be only relative to the same CPU.
-	The marks is determined by the difference between this
-	current trace and the next trace.
-	 '!' - greater than preempt_mark_thresh (default 100)
-	 '+' - greater than 1 microsecond
-	 ' ' - less than or equal to 1 microsecond.
-
-  The rest is the same as the 'trace' file.
-
-
-iter_ctrl
----------
-
-The iter_ctrl file is used to control what gets printed in the trace
-output. To see what is available, simply cat the file:
-
-  cat /debug/tracing/iter_ctrl
-  print-parent nosym-offset nosym-addr noverbose noraw nohex nobin \
- noblock nostacktrace nosched-tree
-
-To disable one of the options, echo in the option appended with "no".
-
-  echo noprint-parent > /debug/tracing/iter_ctrl
-
-To enable an option, leave off the "no".
-
-  echo sym-offest > /debug/tracing/iter_ctrl
-
-Here are the available options:
-
-  print-parent - On function traces, display the calling function
-		as well as the function being traced.
-
-  print-parent:
-   bash-4000  [01]  1477.606694: simple_strtoul <-strict_strtoul
-
-  noprint-parent:
-   bash-4000  [01]  1477.606694: simple_strtoul
-
-
-  sym-offset - Display not only the function name, but also the offset
-		in the function. For example, instead of seeing just
-		"ktime_get" you will see "ktime_get+0xb/0x20"
-
-  sym-offset:
-   bash-4000  [01]  1477.606694: simple_strtoul+0x6/0xa0
-
-  sym-addr - this will also display the function address as well as
-		the function name.
-
-  sym-addr:
-   bash-4000  [01]  1477.606694: simple_strtoul <c0339346>
-
-  verbose - This deals with the latency_trace file.
-
-    bash  4000 1 0 00000000 00010a95 [58127d26] 1720.415ms \
-    (+0.000ms): simple_strtoul (strict_strtoul)
-
-  raw - This will display raw numbers. This option is best for use with
-	user applications that can translate the raw numbers better than
-	having it done in the kernel.
-
-  hex - similar to raw, but the numbers will be in a hexadecimal format.
-
-  bin - This will print out the formats in raw binary.
-
-  block - TBD (needs update)
-
-  stacktrace - This is one of the options that changes the trace itself.
-		When a trace is recorded, so is the stack of functions.
-		This allows for back traces of trace sites.
-
-  sched-tree - TBD (any users??)
-
-
-sched_switch
-------------
-
-This tracer simply records schedule switches. Here's an example
-on how to implement it.
-
- # echo sched_switch > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # sleep 1
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace
-
-# tracer: sched_switch
-#
-#           TASK-PID   CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION
-#              | |      |          |         |
-            bash-3997  [01]   240.132281:   3997:120:R   +  4055:120:R
-            bash-3997  [01]   240.132284:   3997:120:R ==>  4055:120:R
-           sleep-4055  [01]   240.132371:   4055:120:S ==>  3997:120:R
-            bash-3997  [01]   240.132454:   3997:120:R   +  4055:120:S
-            bash-3997  [01]   240.132457:   3997:120:R ==>  4055:120:R
-           sleep-4055  [01]   240.132460:   4055:120:D ==>  3997:120:R
-            bash-3997  [01]   240.132463:   3997:120:R   +  4055:120:D
-            bash-3997  [01]   240.132465:   3997:120:R ==>  4055:120:R
-          <idle>-0     [00]   240.132589:      0:140:R   +     4:115:S
-          <idle>-0     [00]   240.132591:      0:140:R ==>     4:115:R
-     ksoftirqd/0-4     [00]   240.132595:      4:115:S ==>     0:140:R
-          <idle>-0     [00]   240.132598:      0:140:R   +     4:115:S
-          <idle>-0     [00]   240.132599:      0:140:R ==>     4:115:R
-     ksoftirqd/0-4     [00]   240.132603:      4:115:S ==>     0:140:R
-           sleep-4055  [01]   240.133058:   4055:120:S ==>  3997:120:R
- [...]
-
-
-As we have discussed previously about this format, the header shows
-the name of the trace and points to the options. The "FUNCTION"
-is a misnomer since here it represents the wake ups and context
-switches.
-
-The sched_switch only lists the wake ups (represented with '+')
-and context switches ('==>') with the previous task or current
-first followed by the next task or task waking up. The format for both
-of these is PID:KERNEL-PRIO:TASK-STATE. Remember that the KERNEL-PRIO
-is the inverse of the actual priority with zero (0) being the highest
-priority and the nice values starting at 100 (nice -20). Below is
-a quick chart to map the kernel priority to user land priorities.
-
-  Kernel priority: 0 to 99    ==> user RT priority 99 to 0
-  Kernel priority: 100 to 139 ==> user nice -20 to 19
-  Kernel priority: 140        ==> idle task priority
-
-The task states are:
-
- R - running : wants to run, may not actually be running
- S - sleep   : process is waiting to be woken up (handles signals)
- D - deep sleep : process must be woken up (ignores signals)
- T - stopped : process suspended
- t - traced  : process is being traced (with something like gdb)
- Z - zombie  : process waiting to be cleaned up
- X - unknown
-
-
-ftrace_enabled
---------------
-
-The following tracers give different output depending on whether
-or not the sysctl ftrace_enabled is set. To set ftrace_enabled,
-one can either use the sysctl function or set it via the proc
-file system interface.
-
-  sysctl kernel.ftrace_enabled=1
-
- or
-
-  echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled
-
-To disable ftrace_enabled simply replace the '1' with '0' in
-the above commands.
-
-When ftrace_enabled is set the tracers will also record the functions
-that are within the trace. The descriptions of the tracers
-will also show an example with ftrace enabled.
-
-
-irqsoff
--------
-
-When interrupts are disabled, the CPU can not react to any other
-external event (besides NMIs and SMIs). This prevents the timer
-interrupt from triggering or the mouse interrupt from letting the
-kernel know of a new mouse event. The result is a latency with the
-reaction time.
-
-The irqsoff tracer tracks the time interrupts are disabled and when
-they are re-enabled. When a new maximum latency is hit, it saves off
-the trace so that it may be retrieved at a later time. Every time a
-new maximum in reached, the old saved trace is discarded and the new
-trace is saved.
-
-To reset the maximum, echo 0 into tracing_max_latency. Here's an
-example:
-
- # echo irqsoff > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # ls -ltr
- [...]
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace
-# tracer: irqsoff
-#
-irqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 6 us, #3/3, CPU#1 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: bash-4269 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0)
-    -----------------
- => started at: copy_page_range
- => ended at:   copy_page_range
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-    bash-4269  1...1    0us+: _spin_lock (copy_page_range)
-    bash-4269  1...1    7us : _spin_unlock (copy_page_range)
-    bash-4269  1...2    7us : trace_preempt_on (copy_page_range)
-
-
-vim:ft=help
-
-Here we see that that we had a latency of 6 microsecs (which is
-very good). The spin_lock in copy_page_range disabled interrupts.
-The difference between the 6 and the displayed timestamp 7us is
-because the clock must have incremented between the time of recording
-the max latency and recording the function that had that latency.
-
-Note the above had ftrace_enabled not set. If we set the ftrace_enabled
-we get a much larger output:
-
-# tracer: irqsoff
-#
-irqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 50 us, #101/101, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: ls-4339 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0)
-    -----------------
- => started at: __alloc_pages_internal
- => ended at:   __alloc_pages_internal
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-      ls-4339  0...1    0us+: get_page_from_freelist (__alloc_pages_internal)
-      ls-4339  0d..1    3us : rmqueue_bulk (get_page_from_freelist)
-      ls-4339  0d..1    3us : _spin_lock (rmqueue_bulk)
-      ls-4339  0d..1    4us : add_preempt_count (_spin_lock)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    4us : __rmqueue (rmqueue_bulk)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    5us : __rmqueue_smallest (__rmqueue)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    5us : __mod_zone_page_state (__rmqueue_smallest)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    6us : __rmqueue (rmqueue_bulk)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    6us : __rmqueue_smallest (__rmqueue)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    7us : __mod_zone_page_state (__rmqueue_smallest)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    7us : __rmqueue (rmqueue_bulk)
-      ls-4339  0d..2    8us : __rmqueue_smallest (__rmqueue)
-[...]
-      ls-4339  0d..2   46us : __rmqueue_smallest (__rmqueue)
-      ls-4339  0d..2   47us : __mod_zone_page_state (__rmqueue_smallest)
-      ls-4339  0d..2   47us : __rmqueue (rmqueue_bulk)
-      ls-4339  0d..2   48us : __rmqueue_smallest (__rmqueue)
-      ls-4339  0d..2   48us : __mod_zone_page_state (__rmqueue_smallest)
-      ls-4339  0d..2   49us : _spin_unlock (rmqueue_bulk)
-      ls-4339  0d..2   49us : sub_preempt_count (_spin_unlock)
-      ls-4339  0d..1   50us : get_page_from_freelist (__alloc_pages_internal)
-      ls-4339  0d..2   51us : trace_hardirqs_on (__alloc_pages_internal)
-
-
-vim:ft=help
-
-
-Here we traced a 50 microsecond latency. But we also see all the
-functions that were called during that time. Note that enabling
-function tracing we endure an added overhead. This overhead may
-extend the latency times. But never the less, this trace has provided
-some very helpful debugging.
-
-
-preemptoff
-----------
-
-When preemption is disabled we may be able to receive interrupts but
-the task can not be preempted and a higher priority task must wait
-for preemption to be enabled again before it can preempt a lower
-priority task.
-
-The preemptoff tracer traces the places that disables preemption.
-Like the irqsoff, it records the maximum latency that preemption
-was disabled. The control of preemptoff is much like the irqsoff.
-
- # echo preemptoff > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # ls -ltr
- [...]
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace
-# tracer: preemptoff
-#
-preemptoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 29 us, #3/3, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: sshd-4261 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0)
-    -----------------
- => started at: do_IRQ
- => ended at:   __do_softirq
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-    sshd-4261  0d.h.    0us+: irq_enter (do_IRQ)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s.   29us : _local_bh_enable (__do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s1   30us : trace_preempt_on (__do_softirq)
-
-
-vim:ft=help
-
-This has some more changes. Preemption was disabled when an interrupt
-came in (notice the 'h'), and was enabled while doing a softirq.
-(notice the 's'). But we also see that interrupts have been disabled
-when entering the preempt off section and leaving it (the 'd').
-We do not know if interrupts were enabled in the mean time.
-
-# tracer: preemptoff
-#
-preemptoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 63 us, #87/87, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: sshd-4261 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0)
-    -----------------
- => started at: remove_wait_queue
- => ended at:   __do_softirq
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-    sshd-4261  0d..1    0us : _spin_lock_irqsave (remove_wait_queue)
-    sshd-4261  0d..1    1us : _spin_unlock_irqrestore (remove_wait_queue)
-    sshd-4261  0d..1    2us : do_IRQ (common_interrupt)
-    sshd-4261  0d..1    2us : irq_enter (do_IRQ)
-    sshd-4261  0d..1    2us : idle_cpu (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d..1    3us : add_preempt_count (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1    3us : idle_cpu (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h.    4us : handle_fasteoi_irq (do_IRQ)
-[...]
-    sshd-4261  0d.h.   12us : add_preempt_count (_spin_lock)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   12us : ack_ioapic_quirk_irq (handle_fasteoi_irq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   13us : move_native_irq (ack_ioapic_quirk_irq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   13us : _spin_unlock (handle_fasteoi_irq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   14us : sub_preempt_count (_spin_unlock)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   14us : irq_exit (do_IRQ)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   15us : sub_preempt_count (irq_exit)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   15us : do_softirq (irq_exit)
-    sshd-4261  0d...   15us : __do_softirq (do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d...   16us : __local_bh_disable (__do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d...   16us+: add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s4   20us : add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s4   21us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s5   21us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable)
-[...]
-    sshd-4261  0d.s6   41us : add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s6   42us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s7   42us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s5   43us : add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s5   43us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable_ip)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s6   44us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable_ip)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s5   44us : add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s5   45us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable)
-[...]
-    sshd-4261  0d.s.   63us : _local_bh_enable (__do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s1   64us : trace_preempt_on (__do_softirq)
-
-
-The above is an example of the preemptoff trace with ftrace_enabled
-set. Here we see that interrupts were disabled the entire time.
-The irq_enter code lets us know that we entered an interrupt 'h'.
-Before that, the functions being traced still show that it is not
-in an interrupt, but we can see by the functions themselves that
-this is not the case.
-
-Notice that the __do_softirq when called doesn't have a preempt_count.
-It may seem that we missed a preempt enabled. What really happened
-is that the preempt count is held on the threads stack and we
-switched to the softirq stack (4K stacks in effect). The code
-does not copy the preempt count, but because interrupts are disabled
-we don't need to worry about it. Having a tracer like this is good
-to let people know what really happens inside the kernel.
-
-
-preemptirqsoff
---------------
-
-Knowing the locations that have interrupts disabled or preemption
-disabled for the longest times is helpful. But sometimes we would
-like to know when either preemption and/or interrupts are disabled.
-
-The following code:
-
-    local_irq_disable();
-    call_function_with_irqs_off();
-    preempt_disable();
-    call_function_with_irqs_and_preemption_off();
-    local_irq_enable();
-    call_function_with_preemption_off();
-    preempt_enable();
-
-The irqsoff tracer will record the total length of
-call_function_with_irqs_off() and
-call_function_with_irqs_and_preemption_off().
-
-The preemptoff tracer will record the total length of
-call_function_with_irqs_and_preemption_off() and
-call_function_with_preemption_off().
-
-But neither will trace the time that interrupts and/or preemption
-is disabled. This total time is the time that we can not schedule.
-To record this time, use the preemptirqsoff tracer.
-
-Again, using this trace is much like the irqsoff and preemptoff tracers.
-
- # echo preemptoff > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # ls -ltr
- [...]
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace
-# tracer: preemptirqsoff
-#
-preemptirqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 293 us, #3/3, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: ls-4860 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0)
-    -----------------
- => started at: apic_timer_interrupt
- => ended at:   __do_softirq
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-      ls-4860  0d...    0us!: trace_hardirqs_off_thunk (apic_timer_interrupt)
-      ls-4860  0d.s.  294us : _local_bh_enable (__do_softirq)
-      ls-4860  0d.s1  294us : trace_preempt_on (__do_softirq)
-
-
-vim:ft=help
-
-
-The trace_hardirqs_off_thunk is called from assembly on x86 when
-interrupts are disabled in the assembly code. Without the function
-tracing, we don't know if interrupts were enabled within the preemption
-points. We do see that it started with preemption enabled.
-
-Here is a trace with ftrace_enabled set:
-
-
-# tracer: preemptirqsoff
-#
-preemptirqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 105 us, #183/183, CPU#0 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: sshd-4261 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:0 rt_prio:0)
-    -----------------
- => started at: write_chan
- => ended at:   __do_softirq
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-      ls-4473  0.N..    0us : preempt_schedule (write_chan)
-      ls-4473  0dN.1    1us : _spin_lock (schedule)
-      ls-4473  0dN.1    2us : add_preempt_count (_spin_lock)
-      ls-4473  0d..2    2us : put_prev_task_fair (schedule)
-[...]
-      ls-4473  0d..2   13us : set_normalized_timespec (ktime_get_ts)
-      ls-4473  0d..2   13us : __switch_to (schedule)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   14us : finish_task_switch (schedule)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   14us : _spin_unlock_irq (finish_task_switch)
-    sshd-4261  0d..1   15us : add_preempt_count (_spin_lock_irqsave)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   16us : _spin_unlock_irqrestore (hrtick_set)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   16us : do_IRQ (common_interrupt)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   17us : irq_enter (do_IRQ)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   17us : idle_cpu (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d..2   18us : add_preempt_count (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h2   18us : idle_cpu (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h.   18us : handle_fasteoi_irq (do_IRQ)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h.   19us : _spin_lock (handle_fasteoi_irq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h.   19us : add_preempt_count (_spin_lock)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   20us : _spin_unlock (handle_fasteoi_irq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   20us : sub_preempt_count (_spin_unlock)
-[...]
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   28us : _spin_unlock (handle_fasteoi_irq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h1   29us : sub_preempt_count (_spin_unlock)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h2   29us : irq_exit (do_IRQ)
-    sshd-4261  0d.h2   29us : sub_preempt_count (irq_exit)
-    sshd-4261  0d..3   30us : do_softirq (irq_exit)
-    sshd-4261  0d...   30us : __do_softirq (do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d...   31us : __local_bh_disable (__do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d...   31us+: add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s4   34us : add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-[...]
-    sshd-4261  0d.s3   43us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable_ip)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s4   44us : sub_preempt_count (local_bh_enable_ip)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s3   44us : smp_apic_timer_interrupt (apic_timer_interrupt)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s3   45us : irq_enter (smp_apic_timer_interrupt)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s3   45us : idle_cpu (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s3   46us : add_preempt_count (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   46us : idle_cpu (irq_enter)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   47us : hrtimer_interrupt (smp_apic_timer_interrupt)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   47us : ktime_get (hrtimer_interrupt)
-[...]
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   81us : tick_program_event (hrtimer_interrupt)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   82us : ktime_get (tick_program_event)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   82us : ktime_get_ts (ktime_get)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   83us : getnstimeofday (ktime_get_ts)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   83us : set_normalized_timespec (ktime_get_ts)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   84us : clockevents_program_event (tick_program_event)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   84us : lapic_next_event (clockevents_program_event)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   85us : irq_exit (smp_apic_timer_interrupt)
-    sshd-4261  0d.H3   85us : sub_preempt_count (irq_exit)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s4   86us : sub_preempt_count (irq_exit)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s3   86us : add_preempt_count (__local_bh_disable)
-[...]
-    sshd-4261  0d.s1   98us : sub_preempt_count (net_rx_action)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s.   99us : add_preempt_count (_spin_lock_irq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s1   99us+: _spin_unlock_irq (run_timer_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s.  104us : _local_bh_enable (__do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s.  104us : sub_preempt_count (_local_bh_enable)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s.  105us : _local_bh_enable (__do_softirq)
-    sshd-4261  0d.s1  105us : trace_preempt_on (__do_softirq)
-
-
-This is a very interesting trace. It started with the preemption of
-the ls task. We see that the task had the "need_resched" bit set
-with the 'N' in the trace.  Interrupts are disabled in the spin_lock
-and the trace started. We see that a schedule took place to run
-sshd.  When the interrupts were enabled we took an interrupt.
-On return of the interrupt the softirq ran. We took another interrupt
-while running the softirq as we see with the capital 'H'.
-
-
-wakeup
-------
-
-In Real-Time environment it is very important to know the wakeup
-time it takes for the highest priority task that wakes up to the
-time it executes. This is also known as "schedule latency".
-I stress the point that this is about RT tasks. It is also important
-to know the scheduling latency of non-RT tasks, but the average
-schedule latency is better for non-RT tasks. Tools like
-LatencyTop is more appropriate for such measurements.
-
-Real-Time environments is interested in the worst case latency.
-That is the longest latency it takes for something to happen, and
-not the average. We can have a very fast scheduler that may only
-have a large latency once in a while, but that would not work well
-with Real-Time tasks.  The wakeup tracer was designed to record
-the worst case wakeups of RT tasks. Non-RT tasks are not recorded
-because the tracer only records one worst case and tracing non-RT
-tasks that are unpredictable will overwrite the worst case latency
-of RT tasks.
-
-Since this tracer only deals with RT tasks, we will run this slightly
-different than we did with the previous tracers. Instead of performing
-an 'ls' we will run 'sleep 1' under 'chrt' which changes the
-priority of the task.
-
- # echo wakeup > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # chrt -f 5 sleep 1
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace
-# tracer: wakeup
-#
-wakeup latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 4 us, #2/2, CPU#1 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: sleep-4901 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:1 rt_prio:5)
-    -----------------
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-  <idle>-0     1d.h4    0us+: try_to_wake_up (wake_up_process)
-  <idle>-0     1d..4    4us : schedule (cpu_idle)
-
-
-vim:ft=help
-
-
-Running this on an idle system we see that it only took 4 microseconds
-to perform the task switch.  Note, since the trace marker in the
-schedule is before the actual "switch" we stop the tracing when
-the recorded task is about to schedule in. This may change if
-we add a new marker at the end of the scheduler.
-
-Notice that the recorded task is 'sleep' with the PID of 4901 and it
-has an rt_prio of 5. This priority is user-space priority and not
-the internal kernel priority. The policy is 1 for SCHED_FIFO and 2
-for SCHED_RR.
-
-Doing the same with chrt -r 5 and ftrace_enabled set.
-
-# tracer: wakeup
-#
-wakeup latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8
---------------------------------------------------------------------
- latency: 50 us, #60/60, CPU#1 | (M:preempt VP:0, KP:0, SP:0 HP:0 #P:2)
-    -----------------
-    | task: sleep-4068 (uid:0 nice:0 policy:2 rt_prio:5)
-    -----------------
-
-#                _------=> CPU#
-#               / _-----=> irqs-off
-#              | / _----=> need-resched
-#              || / _---=> hardirq/softirq
-#              ||| / _--=> preempt-depth
-#              |||| /
-#              |||||     delay
-#  cmd     pid ||||| time  |   caller
-#     \   /    |||||   \   |   /
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H3    0us : try_to_wake_up (wake_up_process)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H4    1us : sub_preempt_count (marker_probe_cb)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H3    2us : check_preempt_wakeup (try_to_wake_up)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H3    3us : update_curr (check_preempt_wakeup)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H3    4us : calc_delta_mine (update_curr)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H3    5us : __resched_task (check_preempt_wakeup)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H3    6us : task_wake_up_rt (try_to_wake_up)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H3    7us : _spin_unlock_irqrestore (try_to_wake_up)
-[...]
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H2   17us : irq_exit (smp_apic_timer_interrupt)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.H2   18us : sub_preempt_count (irq_exit)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.s3   19us : sub_preempt_count (irq_exit)
-ksoftirq-7     1..s2   20us : rcu_process_callbacks (__do_softirq)
-[...]
-ksoftirq-7     1..s2   26us : __rcu_process_callbacks (rcu_process_callbacks)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.s2   27us : _local_bh_enable (__do_softirq)
-ksoftirq-7     1d.s2   28us : sub_preempt_count (_local_bh_enable)
-ksoftirq-7     1.N.3   29us : sub_preempt_count (ksoftirqd)
-ksoftirq-7     1.N.2   30us : _cond_resched (ksoftirqd)
-ksoftirq-7     1.N.2   31us : __cond_resched (_cond_resched)
-ksoftirq-7     1.N.2   32us : add_preempt_count (__cond_resched)
-ksoftirq-7     1.N.2   33us : schedule (__cond_resched)
-ksoftirq-7     1.N.2   33us : add_preempt_count (schedule)
-ksoftirq-7     1.N.3   34us : hrtick_clear (schedule)
-ksoftirq-7     1dN.3   35us : _spin_lock (schedule)
-ksoftirq-7     1dN.3   36us : add_preempt_count (_spin_lock)
-ksoftirq-7     1d..4   37us : put_prev_task_fair (schedule)
-ksoftirq-7     1d..4   38us : update_curr (put_prev_task_fair)
-[...]
-ksoftirq-7     1d..5   47us : _spin_trylock (tracing_record_cmdline)
-ksoftirq-7     1d..5   48us : add_preempt_count (_spin_trylock)
-ksoftirq-7     1d..6   49us : _spin_unlock (tracing_record_cmdline)
-ksoftirq-7     1d..6   49us : sub_preempt_count (_spin_unlock)
-ksoftirq-7     1d..4   50us : schedule (__cond_resched)
-
-The interrupt went off while running ksoftirqd. This task runs at
-SCHED_OTHER. Why didn't we see the 'N' set early? This may be
-a harmless bug with x86_32 and 4K stacks. The need_reched() function
-that tests if we need to reschedule looks on the actual stack.
-Where as the setting of the NEED_RESCHED bit happens on the
-task's stack. But because we are in a hard interrupt, the test
-is with the interrupts stack which has that to be false. We don't
-see the 'N' until we switch back to the task's stack.
-
-ftrace
-------
-
-ftrace is not only the name of the tracing infrastructure, but it
-is also a name of one of the tracers. The tracer is the function
-tracer. Enabling the function tracer can be done from the
-debug file system. Make sure the ftrace_enabled is set otherwise
-this tracer is a nop.
-
- # sysctl kernel.ftrace_enabled=1
- # echo ftrace > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # usleep 1
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace
-# tracer: ftrace
-#
-#           TASK-PID   CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION
-#              | |      |          |         |
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638713: finish_task_switch <-schedule
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638714: _spin_unlock_irq <-finish_task_switch
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638714: sub_preempt_count <-_spin_unlock_irq
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638715: hrtick_set <-schedule
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638715: _spin_lock_irqsave <-hrtick_set
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638716: add_preempt_count <-_spin_lock_irqsave
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638716: _spin_unlock_irqrestore <-hrtick_set
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638717: sub_preempt_count <-_spin_unlock_irqrestore
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638717: hrtick_clear <-hrtick_set
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638718: sub_preempt_count <-schedule
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638718: sub_preempt_count <-preempt_schedule
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638719: wait_for_completion <-__stop_machine_run
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638719: wait_for_common <-wait_for_completion
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638720: _spin_lock_irq <-wait_for_common
-            bash-4003  [00]   123.638720: add_preempt_count <-_spin_lock_irq
-[...]
-
-
-Note: It is sometimes better to enable or disable tracing directly from
-a program, because the buffer may be overflowed by the echo commands
-before you get to the point you want to trace. It is also easier to
-stop the tracing at the point that you hit the part that you are
-interested in. Since the ftrace buffer is a ring buffer with the
-oldest data being overwritten, usually it is sufficient to start the
-tracer with an echo command but have you code stop it. Something
-like the following is usually appropriate for this.
-
-int trace_fd;
-[...]
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-	[...]
-	trace_fd = open("/debug/tracing/tracing_enabled", O_WRONLY);
-	[...]
-	if (condition_hit()) {
-	write(trace_fd, "0", 1);
-	}
-	[...]
-}
-
-
-dynamic ftrace
---------------
-
-If CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE is set, then the system will run with
-virtually no overhead when function tracing is disabled. The way
-this works is the mcount function call (placed at the start of
-every kernel function, produced by the -pg switch in gcc), starts
-of pointing to a simple return.
-
-When dynamic ftrace is initialized, it calls kstop_machine to make it
-act like a uniprocessor so that it can freely modify code without
-worrying about other processors executing that same code.  At
-initialization, the mcount calls are change to call a "record_ip"
-function.  After this, the first time a kernel function is called,
-it has the calling address saved in a hash table.
-
-Later on the ftraced kernel thread is awoken and will again call
-kstop_machine if new functions have been recorded. The ftraced thread
-will change all calls to mcount to "nop".  Just calling mcount
-and having mcount return has shown a 10% overhead. By converting
-it to a nop, there is no recordable overhead to the system.
-
-One special side-effect to the recording of the functions being
-traced, is that we can now selectively choose which functions we
-want to trace and which ones we want the mcount calls to remain as
-nops.
-
-Two files that contain to the enabling and disabling of recorded
-functions are:
-
-  set_ftrace_filter
-
-and
-
-  set_ftrace_notrace
-
-A list of available functions that you can add to this files is listed
-in:
-
-   available_filter_functions
-
- # cat /debug/tracing/available_filter_functions
-put_prev_task_idle
-kmem_cache_create
-pick_next_task_rt
-get_online_cpus
-pick_next_task_fair
-mutex_lock
-[...]
-
-If I'm only interested in sys_nanosleep and hrtimer_interrupt:
-
- # echo sys_nanosleep hrtimer_interrupt \
-		> /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
- # echo ftrace > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # usleep 1
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace
-# tracer: ftrace
-#
-#           TASK-PID   CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION
-#              | |      |          |         |
-          usleep-4134  [00]  1317.070017: hrtimer_interrupt <-smp_apic_timer_interrupt
-          usleep-4134  [00]  1317.070111: sys_nanosleep <-syscall_call
-          <idle>-0     [00]  1317.070115: hrtimer_interrupt <-smp_apic_timer_interrupt
-
-To see what functions are being traced, you can cat the file:
-
- # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
-hrtimer_interrupt
-sys_nanosleep
-
-
-Perhaps this isn't enough. The filters also allow simple wild cards.
-Only the following is currently available
-
-  <match>*  - will match functions that begins with <match>
-  *<match>  - will match functions that end with <match>
-  *<match>* - will match functions that have <match> in it
-
-Thats all the wild cards that are allowed.
-
-  <match>*<match> will not work.
-
- # echo hrtimer_* > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
-
-Produces:
-
-# tracer: ftrace
-#
-#           TASK-PID   CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION
-#              | |      |          |         |
-            bash-4003  [00]  1480.611794: hrtimer_init <-copy_process
-            bash-4003  [00]  1480.611941: hrtimer_start <-hrtick_set
-            bash-4003  [00]  1480.611956: hrtimer_cancel <-hrtick_clear
-            bash-4003  [00]  1480.611956: hrtimer_try_to_cancel <-hrtimer_cancel
-          <idle>-0     [00]  1480.612019: hrtimer_get_next_event <-get_next_timer_interrupt
-          <idle>-0     [00]  1480.612025: hrtimer_get_next_event <-get_next_timer_interrupt
-          <idle>-0     [00]  1480.612032: hrtimer_get_next_event <-get_next_timer_interrupt
-          <idle>-0     [00]  1480.612037: hrtimer_get_next_event <-get_next_timer_interrupt
-          <idle>-0     [00]  1480.612382: hrtimer_get_next_event <-get_next_timer_interrupt
-
-
-Notice that we lost the sys_nanosleep.
-
- # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
-hrtimer_run_queues
-hrtimer_run_pending
-hrtimer_init
-hrtimer_cancel
-hrtimer_try_to_cancel
-hrtimer_forward
-hrtimer_start
-hrtimer_reprogram
-hrtimer_force_reprogram
-hrtimer_get_next_event
-hrtimer_interrupt
-hrtimer_nanosleep
-hrtimer_wakeup
-hrtimer_get_remaining
-hrtimer_get_res
-hrtimer_init_sleeper
-
-
-This is because the '>' and '>>' act just like they do in bash.
-To rewrite the filters, use '>'
-To append to the filters, use '>>'
-
-To clear out a filter so that all functions will be recorded again.
-
- # echo > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
- # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
- #
-
-Again, now we want to append.
-
- # echo sys_nanosleep > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
- # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
-sys_nanosleep
- # echo hrtimer_* >> /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
- # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
-hrtimer_run_queues
-hrtimer_run_pending
-hrtimer_init
-hrtimer_cancel
-hrtimer_try_to_cancel
-hrtimer_forward
-hrtimer_start
-hrtimer_reprogram
-hrtimer_force_reprogram
-hrtimer_get_next_event
-hrtimer_interrupt
-sys_nanosleep
-hrtimer_nanosleep
-hrtimer_wakeup
-hrtimer_get_remaining
-hrtimer_get_res
-hrtimer_init_sleeper
-
-
-The set_ftrace_notrace prevents those functions from being traced.
-
- # echo '*preempt*' '*lock*' > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_notrace
-
-Produces:
-
-# tracer: ftrace
-#
-#           TASK-PID   CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION
-#              | |      |          |         |
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281644: finish_task_switch <-schedule
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281645: hrtick_set <-schedule
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281645: hrtick_clear <-hrtick_set
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281646: wait_for_completion <-__stop_machine_run
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281647: wait_for_common <-wait_for_completion
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281647: kthread_stop <-stop_machine_run
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281648: init_waitqueue_head <-kthread_stop
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281648: wake_up_process <-kthread_stop
-            bash-4043  [01]   115.281649: try_to_wake_up <-wake_up_process
-
-We can see that there's no more lock or preempt tracing.
-
-ftraced
--------
-
-As mentioned above, when dynamic ftrace is configured in, a kernel
-thread wakes up once a second and checks to see if there are mcount
-calls that need to be converted into nops. If there is not, then
-it simply goes back to sleep. But if there is, it will call
-kstop_machine to convert the calls to nops.
-
-There may be a case that you do not want this added latency.
-Perhaps you are doing some audio recording and this activity might
-cause skips in the playback. There is an interface to disable
-and enable the ftraced kernel thread.
-
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/ftraced_enabled
-
-This will disable the calling of the kstop_machine to update the
-mcount calls to nops. Remember that there's a large overhead
-to calling mcount. Without this kernel thread, that overhead will
-exist.
-
-Any write to the ftraced_enabled file will cause the kstop_machine
-to run if there are recorded calls to mcount. This means that a
-user can manually perform the updates when they want to by simply
-echoing a '0' into the ftraced_enabled file.
-
-The updates are also done at the beginning of enabling a tracer
-that uses ftrace function recording.
-
-
-trace_pipe
-----------
-
-The trace_pipe outputs the same as trace, but the effect on the
-tracing is different. Every read from trace_pipe is consumed.
-This means that subsequent reads will be different. The trace
-is live.
-
- # echo ftrace > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace_pipe > /tmp/trace.out &
-[1] 4153
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # usleep 1
- # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace
-# tracer: ftrace
-#
-#           TASK-PID   CPU#    TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION
-#              | |      |          |         |
-
- #
- # cat /tmp/trace.out
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267106: finish_task_switch <-schedule
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267106: hrtick_set <-schedule
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267107: hrtick_clear <-hrtick_set
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267108: wait_for_completion <-__stop_machine_run
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267108: wait_for_common <-wait_for_completion
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267109: kthread_stop <-stop_machine_run
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267109: init_waitqueue_head <-kthread_stop
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267110: wake_up_process <-kthread_stop
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267110: try_to_wake_up <-wake_up_process
-            bash-4043  [00] 41.267111: select_task_rq_rt <-try_to_wake_up
-
-
-Note, reading the trace_pipe will block until more input is added.
-By changing the tracer, trace_pipe will issue an EOF. We needed
-to set the ftrace tracer _before_ cating the trace_pipe file.
-
-
-trace entries
--------------
-
-Having too much or not enough data can be troublesome in diagnosing
-some issue in the kernel. The file trace_entries is used to modify
-the size of the internal trace buffers. The numbers listed
-is the number of entries that can be recorded per CPU. To know
-the full size, multiply the number of possible CPUS with the
-number of entries.
-
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace_entries
-65620
-
-Note, to modify this you must have tracing fulling disabled. To do that,
-echo "none" into the current_tracer.
-
- # echo none > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
- # echo 100000 > /debug/tracing/trace_entries
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace_entries
-100045
-
-
-Notice that we echoed in 100,000 but the size is 100,045. The entries
-are held by individual pages. It allocates the number of pages it takes
-to fulfill the request. If more entries may fit on the last page
-it will add them.
-
- # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/trace_entries
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace_entries
-85
-
-This shows us that 85 entries can fit on a single page.
-
-The number of pages that will be allocated is a percentage of available
-memory. Allocating too much will produces an error.
-
- # echo 1000000000000 > /debug/tracing/trace_entries
--bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
- # cat /debug/tracing/trace_entries
-85
-
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index c536d7b..5599044 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 VERSION = 2
 PATCHLEVEL = 6
 SUBLEVEL = 26
-EXTRAVERSION = .1
+EXTRAVERSION = .2
 NAME = Rotary Wombat
 
 # *DOCUMENTATION*
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/ppc32.h b/arch/powerpc/kernel/ppc32.h
index 90e5627..fda05e2 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/ppc32.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/ppc32.h
@@ -135,4 +135,6 @@ struct ucontext32 {
 	struct mcontext32	uc_mcontext;
 };
 
+extern int copy_siginfo_to_user32(struct compat_siginfo __user *d, siginfo_t *s);
+
 #endif  /* _PPC64_PPC32_H */
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/ptrace32.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/ptrace32.c
index 4c1de6a..9d30e10 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/ptrace32.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/ptrace32.c
@@ -29,12 +29,15 @@
 #include <linux/security.h>
 #include <linux/signal.h>
 #include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/elf.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
 #include <asm/system.h>
 
+#include "ppc32.h"
+
 /*
  * does not yet catch signals sent when the child dies.
  * in exit.c or in signal.c.
@@ -64,6 +67,27 @@ static long compat_ptrace_old(struct task_struct *child, long request,
 	return -EPERM;
 }
 
+static int compat_ptrace_getsiginfo(struct task_struct *child, compat_siginfo_t __user *data)
+{
+	siginfo_t lastinfo;
+	int error = -ESRCH;
+
+	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
+	if (likely(child->sighand != NULL)) {
+		error = -EINVAL;
+		spin_lock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);
+		if (likely(child->last_siginfo != NULL)) {
+			lastinfo = *child->last_siginfo;
+			error = 0;
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);
+	}
+	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
+	if (!error)
+		return copy_siginfo_to_user32(data, &lastinfo);
+	return error;
+}
+
 long compat_arch_ptrace(struct task_struct *child, compat_long_t request,
 			compat_ulong_t caddr, compat_ulong_t cdata)
 {
@@ -282,6 +306,9 @@ long compat_arch_ptrace(struct task_struct *child, compat_long_t request,
 			0, PT_REGS_COUNT * sizeof(compat_long_t),
 			compat_ptr(data));
 
+	case PTRACE_GETSIGINFO:
+		return compat_ptrace_getsiginfo(child, compat_ptr(data));
+
 	case PTRACE_GETFPREGS:
 	case PTRACE_SETFPREGS:
 	case PTRACE_GETVRREGS:
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c b/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c
index 5921e5f..1c3a66a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c
@@ -103,6 +103,9 @@ void __init io_delay_init(void)
 
 static int __init io_delay_param(char *s)
 {
+	if (!s)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	if (!strcmp(s, "0x80"))
 		io_delay_type = CONFIG_IO_DELAY_TYPE_0X80;
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "0xed"))
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes.c b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes.c
index b8c6743..43c019f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes.c
@@ -860,7 +860,6 @@ static int __kprobes post_kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
 
 	resume_execution(cur, regs, kcb);
 	regs->flags |= kcb->kprobe_saved_flags;
-	trace_hardirqs_fixup_flags(regs->flags);
 
 	if ((kcb->kprobe_status != KPROBE_REENTER) && cur->post_handler) {
 		kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
index ba370dc..58325a6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
@@ -164,6 +164,9 @@ void __cpuinit select_idle_routine(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
 
 static int __init idle_setup(char *str)
 {
+	if (!str)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	if (!strcmp(str, "poll")) {
 		printk("using polling idle threads.\n");
 		pm_idle = poll_idle;
diff --git a/block/bsg.c b/block/bsg.c
index 54d617f..0526471 100644
--- a/block/bsg.c
+++ b/block/bsg.c
@@ -725,8 +725,13 @@ static int bsg_put_device(struct bsg_device *bd)
 	mutex_lock(&bsg_mutex);
 
 	do_free = atomic_dec_and_test(&bd->ref_count);
-	if (!do_free)
+	if (!do_free) {
+		mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
 		goto out;
+	}
+
+	hlist_del(&bd->dev_list);
+	mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
 
 	dprintk("%s: tearing down\n", bd->name);
 
@@ -742,10 +747,8 @@ static int bsg_put_device(struct bsg_device *bd)
 	 */
 	ret = bsg_complete_all_commands(bd);
 
-	hlist_del(&bd->dev_list);
 	kfree(bd);
 out:
-	mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
 	kref_put(&q->bsg_dev.ref, bsg_kref_release_function);
 	if (do_free)
 		blk_put_queue(q);
diff --git a/drivers/input/serio/i8042-x86ia64io.h b/drivers/input/serio/i8042-x86ia64io.h
index 78eb784..7828ef2 100644
--- a/drivers/input/serio/i8042-x86ia64io.h
+++ b/drivers/input/serio/i8042-x86ia64io.h
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static inline void i8042_write_command(int val)
 	outb(val, I8042_COMMAND_REG);
 }
 
-#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86
 
 #include <linux/dmi.h>
 
@@ -291,17 +291,36 @@ static struct dmi_system_id __initdata i8042_dmi_nomux_table[] = {
 			DMI_MATCH(DMI_PRODUCT_VERSION, "3000 N100"),
 		},
 	},
+	{
+		.ident = "Acer Aspire 1360",
+		.matches = {
+			DMI_MATCH(DMI_SYS_VENDOR, "Acer"),
+			DMI_MATCH(DMI_PRODUCT_NAME, "Aspire 1360"),
+		},
+	},
 	{ }
 };
 
-
-
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static struct dmi_system_id __initdata i8042_dmi_nopnp_table[] = {
+	{
+		.ident = "Intel MBO Desktop D845PESV",
+		.matches = {
+			DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_NAME, "D845PESV"),
+			DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_VENDOR, "Intel Corporation"),
+		},
+	},
+	{
+		.ident = "Gericom Bellagio",
+		.matches = {
+			DMI_MATCH(DMI_SYS_VENDOR, "Gericom"),
+			DMI_MATCH(DMI_PRODUCT_NAME, "N34AS6"),
+		},
+	},
+	{ }
+};
 #endif
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86
-
-#include <linux/dmi.h>
-
 /*
  * Some Wistron based laptops need us to explicitly enable the 'Dritek
  * keyboard extension' to make their extra keys start generating scancodes.
@@ -356,7 +375,6 @@ static struct dmi_system_id __initdata i8042_dmi_dritek_table[] = {
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_X86 */
 
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_PNP
 #include <linux/pnp.h>
 
@@ -466,6 +484,11 @@ static int __init i8042_pnp_init(void)
 	int pnp_data_busted = 0;
 	int err;
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86
+	if (dmi_check_system(i8042_dmi_nopnp_table))
+		i8042_nopnp = 1;
+#endif
+
 	if (i8042_nopnp) {
 		printk(KERN_INFO "i8042: PNP detection disabled\n");
 		return 0;
@@ -591,15 +614,13 @@ static int __init i8042_platform_init(void)
         i8042_reset = 1;
 #endif
 
-#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86
 	if (dmi_check_system(i8042_dmi_noloop_table))
 		i8042_noloop = 1;
 
 	if (dmi_check_system(i8042_dmi_nomux_table))
 		i8042_nomux = 1;
-#endif
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86
 	if (dmi_check_system(i8042_dmi_dritek_table))
 		i8042_dritek = 1;
 #endif /* CONFIG_X86 */
diff --git a/drivers/md/linear.c b/drivers/md/linear.c
index 1074824..ec921f5 100644
--- a/drivers/md/linear.c
+++ b/drivers/md/linear.c
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ static linear_conf_t *linear_conf(mddev_t *mddev, int raid_disks)
 		int j = rdev->raid_disk;
 		dev_info_t *disk = conf->disks + j;
 
-		if (j < 0 || j > raid_disks || disk->rdev) {
+		if (j < 0 || j >= raid_disks || disk->rdev) {
 			printk("linear: disk numbering problem. Aborting!\n");
 			goto out;
 		}
diff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c
index 2580ac1..9664511 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md.c
@@ -3326,9 +3326,9 @@ static struct kobject *md_probe(dev_t dev, int *part, void *data)
 	disk->queue = mddev->queue;
 	add_disk(disk);
 	mddev->gendisk = disk;
-	mutex_unlock(&disks_mutex);
 	error = kobject_init_and_add(&mddev->kobj, &md_ktype, &disk->dev.kobj,
 				     "%s", "md");
+	mutex_unlock(&disks_mutex);
 	if (error)
 		printk(KERN_WARNING "md: cannot register %s/md - name in use\n",
 		       disk->disk_name);
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.c b/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.c
index e57905c..bc3ea09 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.c
@@ -1774,20 +1774,21 @@ ath5k_tasklet_rx(unsigned long data)
 	struct ath5k_rx_status rs = {};
 	struct sk_buff *skb;
 	struct ath5k_softc *sc = (void *)data;
-	struct ath5k_buf *bf;
+	struct ath5k_buf *bf, *bf_last;
 	struct ath5k_desc *ds;
 	int ret;
 	int hdrlen;
 	int pad;
 
 	spin_lock(&sc->rxbuflock);
+	if (list_empty(&sc->rxbuf)) {
+		ATH5K_WARN(sc, "empty rx buf pool\n");
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+	bf_last = list_entry(sc->rxbuf.prev, struct ath5k_buf, list);
 	do {
 		rxs.flag = 0;
 
-		if (unlikely(list_empty(&sc->rxbuf))) {
-			ATH5K_WARN(sc, "empty rx buf pool\n");
-			break;
-		}
 		bf = list_first_entry(&sc->rxbuf, struct ath5k_buf, list);
 		BUG_ON(bf->skb == NULL);
 		skb = bf->skb;
@@ -1797,8 +1798,24 @@ ath5k_tasklet_rx(unsigned long data)
 		pci_dma_sync_single_for_cpu(sc->pdev, sc->desc_daddr,
 				sc->desc_len, PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE);
 
-		if (unlikely(ds->ds_link == bf->daddr)) /* this is the end */
-			break;
+		/*
+		 * last buffer must not be freed to ensure proper hardware
+		 * function. When the hardware finishes also a packet next to
+		 * it, we are sure, it doesn't use it anymore and we can go on.
+		 */
+		if (bf_last == bf)
+			bf->flags |= 1;
+		if (bf->flags) {
+			struct ath5k_buf *bf_next = list_entry(bf->list.next,
+					struct ath5k_buf, list);
+			ret = sc->ah->ah_proc_rx_desc(sc->ah, bf_next->desc,
+					&rs);
+			if (ret)
+				break;
+			bf->flags &= ~1;
+			/* skip the overwritten one (even status is martian) */
+			goto next;
+		}
 
 		ret = sc->ah->ah_proc_rx_desc(sc->ah, ds, &rs);
 		if (unlikely(ret == -EINPROGRESS))
@@ -1921,6 +1938,7 @@ accept:
 next:
 		list_move_tail(&bf->list, &sc->rxbuf);
 	} while (ath5k_rxbuf_setup(sc, bf) == 0);
+unlock:
 	spin_unlock(&sc->rxbuflock);
 }
 
@@ -2435,6 +2453,9 @@ ath5k_stop_hw(struct ath5k_softc *sc)
 	mutex_unlock(&sc->lock);
 
 	del_timer_sync(&sc->calib_tim);
+	tasklet_kill(&sc->rxtq);
+	tasklet_kill(&sc->txtq);
+	tasklet_kill(&sc->restq);
 
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.h b/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.h
index 3a97558..4badca7 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.h
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.h
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 
 struct ath5k_buf {
 	struct list_head	list;
-	unsigned int		flags;	/* tx descriptor flags */
+	unsigned int		flags;	/* rx descriptor flags */
 	struct ath5k_desc	*desc;	/* virtual addr of desc */
 	dma_addr_t		daddr;	/* physical addr of desc */
 	struct sk_buff		*skb;	/* skbuff for buf */
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/ch.c b/drivers/scsi/ch.c
index c4b938b..2be2da6 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/ch.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/ch.c
@@ -926,6 +926,7 @@ static int ch_probe(struct device *dev)
 	if (init)
 		ch_init_elem(ch);
 
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, ch);
 	sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sd, "Attached scsi changer %s\n", ch->name);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/fs/jbd/transaction.c b/fs/jbd/transaction.c
index 67ff202..8dee320 100644
--- a/fs/jbd/transaction.c
+++ b/fs/jbd/transaction.c
@@ -1648,12 +1648,42 @@ out:
 	return;
 }
 
+/*
+ * journal_try_to_free_buffers() could race with journal_commit_transaction()
+ * The latter might still hold the a count on buffers when inspecting
+ * them on t_syncdata_list or t_locked_list.
+ *
+ * journal_try_to_free_buffers() will call this function to
+ * wait for the current transaction to finish syncing data buffers, before
+ * tryinf to free that buffer.
+ *
+ * Called with journal->j_state_lock held.
+ */
+static void journal_wait_for_transaction_sync_data(journal_t *journal)
+{
+	transaction_t *transaction = NULL;
+	tid_t tid;
+
+	spin_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
+	transaction = journal->j_committing_transaction;
+
+	if (!transaction) {
+		spin_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	tid = transaction->t_tid;
+	spin_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
+	log_wait_commit(journal, tid);
+}
 
 /**
  * int journal_try_to_free_buffers() - try to free page buffers.
  * @journal: journal for operation
  * @page: to try and free
- * @unused_gfp_mask: unused
+ * @gfp_mask: we use the mask to detect how hard should we try to release
+ * buffers. If __GFP_WAIT and __GFP_FS is set, we wait for commit code to
+ * release the buffers.
  *
  *
  * For all the buffers on this page,
@@ -1682,9 +1712,11 @@ out:
  * journal_try_to_free_buffer() is changing its state.  But that
  * cannot happen because we never reallocate freed data as metadata
  * while the data is part of a transaction.  Yes?
+ *
+ * Return 0 on failure, 1 on success
  */
 int journal_try_to_free_buffers(journal_t *journal,
-				struct page *page, gfp_t unused_gfp_mask)
+				struct page *page, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 {
 	struct buffer_head *head;
 	struct buffer_head *bh;
@@ -1713,7 +1745,28 @@ int journal_try_to_free_buffers(journal_t *journal,
 		if (buffer_jbd(bh))
 			goto busy;
 	} while ((bh = bh->b_this_page) != head);
+
 	ret = try_to_free_buffers(page);
+
+	/*
+	 * There are a number of places where journal_try_to_free_buffers()
+	 * could race with journal_commit_transaction(), the later still
+	 * holds the reference to the buffers to free while processing them.
+	 * try_to_free_buffers() failed to free those buffers. Some of the
+	 * caller of releasepage() request page buffers to be dropped, otherwise
+	 * treat the fail-to-free as errors (such as generic_file_direct_IO())
+	 *
+	 * So, if the caller of try_to_release_page() wants the synchronous
+	 * behaviour(i.e make sure buffers are dropped upon return),
+	 * let's wait for the current transaction to finish flush of
+	 * dirty data buffers, then try to free those buffers again,
+	 * with the journal locked.
+	 */
+	if (ret == 0 && (gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT) && (gfp_mask & __GFP_FS)) {
+		journal_wait_for_transaction_sync_data(journal);
+		ret = try_to_free_buffers(page);
+	}
+
 busy:
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/fs/namei.c b/fs/namei.c
index 01e67dd..3b26a24 100644
--- a/fs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/namei.c
@@ -519,7 +519,14 @@ static struct dentry * real_lookup(struct dentry * parent, struct qstr * name, s
 	 */
 	result = d_lookup(parent, name);
 	if (!result) {
-		struct dentry * dentry = d_alloc(parent, name);
+		struct dentry *dentry;
+
+		/* Don't create child dentry for a dead directory. */
+		result = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+		if (IS_DEADDIR(dir))
+			goto out_unlock;
+
+		dentry = d_alloc(parent, name);
 		result = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 		if (dentry) {
 			result = dir->i_op->lookup(dir, dentry, nd);
@@ -528,6 +535,7 @@ static struct dentry * real_lookup(struct dentry * parent, struct qstr * name, s
 			else
 				result = dentry;
 		}
+out_unlock:
 		mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
 		return result;
 	}
@@ -1317,7 +1325,14 @@ static struct dentry *__lookup_hash(struct qstr *name,
 
 	dentry = cached_lookup(base, name, nd);
 	if (!dentry) {
-		struct dentry *new = d_alloc(base, name);
+		struct dentry *new;
+
+		/* Don't create child dentry for a dead directory. */
+		dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+		if (IS_DEADDIR(inode))
+			goto out;
+
+		new = d_alloc(base, name);
 		dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 		if (!new)
 			goto out;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/inode.c b/fs/nfs/inode.c
index 596c5d8..1d7ac64 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/inode.c
@@ -57,8 +57,6 @@ static int enable_ino64 = NFS_64_BIT_INODE_NUMBERS_ENABLED;
 static void nfs_invalidate_inode(struct inode *);
 static int nfs_update_inode(struct inode *, struct nfs_fattr *);
 
-static void nfs_zap_acl_cache(struct inode *);
-
 static struct kmem_cache * nfs_inode_cachep;
 
 static inline unsigned long
@@ -167,7 +165,7 @@ void nfs_zap_mapping(struct inode *inode, struct address_space *mapping)
 	}
 }
 
-static void nfs_zap_acl_cache(struct inode *inode)
+void nfs_zap_acl_cache(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	void (*clear_acl_cache)(struct inode *);
 
diff --git a/fs/nfs/internal.h b/fs/nfs/internal.h
index 04ae867..24241fc 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/internal.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/internal.h
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ extern void nfs_clear_inode(struct inode *);
 #ifdef CONFIG_NFS_V4
 extern void nfs4_clear_inode(struct inode *);
 #endif
+void nfs_zap_acl_cache(struct inode *inode);
 
 /* super.c */
 extern struct file_system_type nfs_xdev_fs_type;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c b/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c
index 9b73625..423842f 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 #include <linux/posix_acl_xattr.h>
 #include <linux/nfsacl.h>
 
+#include "internal.h"
+
 #define NFSDBG_FACILITY	NFSDBG_PROC
 
 ssize_t nfs3_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, size_t size)
@@ -205,6 +207,8 @@ struct posix_acl *nfs3_proc_getacl(struct inode *inode, int type)
 	status = nfs_revalidate_inode(server, inode);
 	if (status < 0)
 		return ERR_PTR(status);
+	if (NFS_I(inode)->cache_validity & NFS_INO_INVALID_ACL)
+		nfs_zap_acl_cache(inode);
 	acl = nfs3_get_cached_acl(inode, type);
 	if (acl != ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN))
 		return acl;
@@ -319,9 +323,8 @@ static int nfs3_proc_setacls(struct inode *inode, struct posix_acl *acl,
 	dprintk("NFS call setacl\n");
 	msg.rpc_proc = &server->client_acl->cl_procinfo[ACLPROC3_SETACL];
 	status = rpc_call_sync(server->client_acl, &msg, 0);
-	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
-	NFS_I(inode)->cache_validity |= NFS_INO_INVALID_ACCESS;
-	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+	nfs_access_zap_cache(inode);
+	nfs_zap_acl_cache(inode);
 	dprintk("NFS reply setacl: %d\n", status);
 
 	/* pages may have been allocated at the xdr layer. */
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c
index 1293e0a..806d17f 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c
@@ -2706,6 +2706,8 @@ static ssize_t nfs4_proc_get_acl(struct inode *inode, void *buf, size_t buflen)
 	ret = nfs_revalidate_inode(server, inode);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
+	if (NFS_I(inode)->cache_validity & NFS_INO_INVALID_ACL)
+		nfs_zap_acl_cache(inode);
 	ret = nfs4_read_cached_acl(inode, buf, buflen);
 	if (ret != -ENOENT)
 		return ret;
@@ -2733,7 +2735,8 @@ static int __nfs4_proc_set_acl(struct inode *inode, const void *buf, size_t bufl
 	nfs_inode_return_delegation(inode);
 	buf_to_pages(buf, buflen, arg.acl_pages, &arg.acl_pgbase);
 	ret = rpc_call_sync(NFS_CLIENT(inode), &msg, 0);
-	nfs_zap_caches(inode);
+	nfs_access_zap_cache(inode);
+	nfs_zap_acl_cache(inode);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/fs/romfs/inode.c b/fs/romfs/inode.c
index 3f13d49..35e5c6e 100644
--- a/fs/romfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/romfs/inode.c
@@ -418,7 +418,8 @@ static int
 romfs_readpage(struct file *file, struct page * page)
 {
 	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
-	loff_t offset, avail, readlen;
+	loff_t offset, size;
+	unsigned long filled;
 	void *buf;
 	int result = -EIO;
 
@@ -430,21 +431,29 @@ romfs_readpage(struct file *file, struct page * page)
 
 	/* 32 bit warning -- but not for us :) */
 	offset = page_offset(page);
-	if (offset < i_size_read(inode)) {
-		avail = inode->i_size-offset;
-		readlen = min_t(unsigned long, avail, PAGE_SIZE);
-		if (romfs_copyfrom(inode, buf, ROMFS_I(inode)->i_dataoffset+offset, readlen) == readlen) {
-			if (readlen < PAGE_SIZE) {
-				memset(buf + readlen,0,PAGE_SIZE-readlen);
-			}
-			SetPageUptodate(page);
-			result = 0;
+	size = i_size_read(inode);
+	filled = 0;
+	result = 0;
+	if (offset < size) {
+		unsigned long readlen;
+
+		size -= offset;
+		readlen = size > PAGE_SIZE ? PAGE_SIZE : size;
+
+		filled = romfs_copyfrom(inode, buf, ROMFS_I(inode)->i_dataoffset+offset, readlen);
+
+		if (filled != readlen) {
+			SetPageError(page);
+			filled = 0;
+			result = -EIO;
 		}
 	}
-	if (result) {
-		memset(buf, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
-		SetPageError(page);
-	}
+
+	if (filled < PAGE_SIZE)
+		memset(buf + filled, 0, PAGE_SIZE-filled);
+
+	if (!result)
+		SetPageUptodate(page);
 	flush_dcache_page(page);
 
 	unlock_page(page);
diff --git a/include/sound/emu10k1.h b/include/sound/emu10k1.h
index 7b7b9b1..10ee28e 100644
--- a/include/sound/emu10k1.h
+++ b/include/sound/emu10k1.h
@@ -1670,6 +1670,7 @@ struct snd_emu_chip_details {
 	unsigned char spi_dac;      /* SPI interface for DAC */
 	unsigned char i2c_adc;      /* I2C interface for ADC */
 	unsigned char adc_1361t;    /* Use Philips 1361T ADC */
+	unsigned char invert_shared_spdif; /* analog/digital switch inverted */
 	const char *driver;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *id;		/* for backward compatibility - can be NULL if not needed */
diff --git a/mm/filemap.c b/mm/filemap.c
index 4f32423..afb991a 100644
--- a/mm/filemap.c
+++ b/mm/filemap.c
@@ -2581,9 +2581,8 @@ out:
  * Otherwise return zero.
  *
  * The @gfp_mask argument specifies whether I/O may be performed to release
- * this page (__GFP_IO), and whether the call may block (__GFP_WAIT).
+ * this page (__GFP_IO), and whether the call may block (__GFP_WAIT & __GFP_FS).
  *
- * NOTE: @gfp_mask may go away, and this function may become non-blocking.
  */
 int try_to_release_page(struct page *page, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 {
diff --git a/net/bluetooth/bnep/core.c b/net/bluetooth/bnep/core.c
index f85d946..24e91eb 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/bnep/core.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/bnep/core.c
@@ -507,6 +507,11 @@ static int bnep_session(void *arg)
 	/* Delete network device */
 	unregister_netdev(dev);
 
+	/* Wakeup user-space polling for socket errors */
+	s->sock->sk->sk_err = EUNATCH;
+
+	wake_up_interruptible(s->sock->sk->sk_sleep);
+
 	/* Release the socket */
 	fput(s->sock->file);
 
diff --git a/net/bluetooth/hidp/core.c b/net/bluetooth/hidp/core.c
index 519cdb9..96434d7 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/hidp/core.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/hidp/core.c
@@ -581,6 +581,12 @@ static int hidp_session(void *arg)
 		hid_free_device(session->hid);
 	}
 
+	/* Wakeup user-space polling for socket errors */
+	session->intr_sock->sk->sk_err = EUNATCH;
+	session->ctrl_sock->sk->sk_err = EUNATCH;
+
+	hidp_schedule(session);
+
 	fput(session->intr_sock->file);
 
 	wait_event_timeout(*(ctrl_sk->sk_sleep),
@@ -879,6 +885,10 @@ int hidp_del_connection(struct hidp_conndel_req *req)
 			skb_queue_purge(&session->ctrl_transmit);
 			skb_queue_purge(&session->intr_transmit);
 
+			/* Wakeup user-space polling for socket errors */
+			session->intr_sock->sk->sk_err = EUNATCH;
+			session->ctrl_sock->sk->sk_err = EUNATCH;
+
 			/* Kill session thread */
 			atomic_inc(&session->terminate);
 			hidp_schedule(session);
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
index 4334d5c..1454432 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
@@ -318,11 +318,11 @@ static int mangle_content_len(struct sk_buff *skb,
 			     buffer, buflen);
 }
 
-static unsigned mangle_sdp_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, const char **dptr,
-				  unsigned int dataoff, unsigned int *datalen,
-				  enum sdp_header_types type,
-				  enum sdp_header_types term,
-				  char *buffer, int buflen)
+static int mangle_sdp_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, const char **dptr,
+			     unsigned int dataoff, unsigned int *datalen,
+			     enum sdp_header_types type,
+			     enum sdp_header_types term,
+			     char *buffer, int buflen)
 {
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
 	struct nf_conn *ct = nf_ct_get(skb, &ctinfo);
@@ -330,9 +330,9 @@ static unsigned mangle_sdp_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, const char **dptr,
 
 	if (ct_sip_get_sdp_header(ct, *dptr, dataoff, *datalen, type, term,
 				  &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
-		return 0;
+		return -ENOENT;
 	return mangle_packet(skb, dptr, datalen, matchoff, matchlen,
-			     buffer, buflen);
+			     buffer, buflen) ? 0 : -EINVAL;
 }
 
 static unsigned int ip_nat_sdp_addr(struct sk_buff *skb, const char **dptr,
@@ -346,8 +346,8 @@ static unsigned int ip_nat_sdp_addr(struct sk_buff *skb, const char **dptr,
 	unsigned int buflen;
 
 	buflen = sprintf(buffer, NIPQUAD_FMT, NIPQUAD(addr->ip));
-	if (!mangle_sdp_packet(skb, dptr, dataoff, datalen, type, term,
-			       buffer, buflen))
+	if (mangle_sdp_packet(skb, dptr, dataoff, datalen, type, term,
+			      buffer, buflen))
 		return 0;
 
 	return mangle_content_len(skb, dptr, datalen);
@@ -381,15 +381,27 @@ static unsigned int ip_nat_sdp_session(struct sk_buff *skb, const char **dptr,
 
 	/* Mangle session description owner and contact addresses */
 	buflen = sprintf(buffer, "%u.%u.%u.%u", NIPQUAD(addr->ip));
-	if (!mangle_sdp_packet(skb, dptr, dataoff, datalen,
+	if (mangle_sdp_packet(skb, dptr, dataoff, datalen,
 			       SDP_HDR_OWNER_IP4, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
 			       buffer, buflen))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!mangle_sdp_packet(skb, dptr, dataoff, datalen,
-			       SDP_HDR_CONNECTION_IP4, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
-			       buffer, buflen))
+	switch (mangle_sdp_packet(skb, dptr, dataoff, datalen,
+				  SDP_HDR_CONNECTION_IP4, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
+				  buffer, buflen)) {
+	case 0:
+	/*
+	 * RFC 2327:
+	 *
+	 * Session description
+	 *
+	 * c=* (connection information - not required if included in all media)
+	 */
+	case -ENOENT:
+		break;
+	default:
 		return 0;
+	}
 
 	return mangle_content_len(skb, dptr, datalen);
 }
diff --git a/net/netfilter/xt_time.c b/net/netfilter/xt_time.c
index ed76baa..9f32859 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/xt_time.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/xt_time.c
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ time_mt(const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct net_device *in,
 		__net_timestamp((struct sk_buff *)skb);
 
 	stamp = ktime_to_ns(skb->tstamp);
-	do_div(stamp, NSEC_PER_SEC);
+	stamp = div_s64(stamp, NSEC_PER_SEC);
 
 	if (info->flags & XT_TIME_LOCAL_TZ)
 		/* Adjust for local timezone */
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c
index 558dadb..e024e45 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c
@@ -604,6 +604,9 @@ snd_seq_oss_synth_make_info(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, struct synth_in
 {
 	struct seq_oss_synth *rec;
 
+	if (dev < 0 || dev >= dp->max_synthdev)
+		return -ENXIO;
+
 	if (dp->synths[dev].is_midi) {
 		struct midi_info minf;
 		snd_seq_oss_midi_make_info(dp, dp->synths[dev].midi_mapped, &minf);
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_main.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_main.c
index 548c9cc..2f283ea 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_main.c
@@ -1528,6 +1528,7 @@ static struct snd_emu_chip_details emu_chip_details[] = {
 	 .ca0151_chip = 1,
 	 .spk71 = 1,
 	 .spdif_bug = 1,
+	 .invert_shared_spdif = 1,	/* digital/analog switch swapped */
 	 .adc_1361t = 1,  /* 24 bit capture instead of 16bit. Fixes ALSA bug#324 */
 	 .ac97_chip = 1} ,
 	{.vendor = 0x1102, .device = 0x0004, .revision = 0x04,
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
index fd22120..9f77692 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
@@ -1578,6 +1578,10 @@ static int snd_emu10k1_shared_spdif_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = inl(emu->port + A_IOCFG) & A_IOCFG_GPOUT0 ? 1 : 0;
 	else
 		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = inl(emu->port + HCFG) & HCFG_GPOUT0 ? 1 : 0;
+	if (emu->card_capabilities->invert_shared_spdif)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] =
+			!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1586,15 +1590,18 @@ static int snd_emu10k1_shared_spdif_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
 	struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
-	unsigned int reg, val;
+	unsigned int reg, val, sw;
 	int change = 0;
 
+	sw = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	if (emu->card_capabilities->invert_shared_spdif)
+		sw = !sw;
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->reg_lock, flags);
 	if ( emu->card_capabilities->i2c_adc) {
 		/* Do nothing for Audigy 2 ZS Notebook */
 	} else if (emu->audigy) {
 		reg = inl(emu->port + A_IOCFG);
-		val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] ? A_IOCFG_GPOUT0 : 0;
+		val = sw ? A_IOCFG_GPOUT0 : 0;
 		change = (reg & A_IOCFG_GPOUT0) != val;
 		if (change) {
 			reg &= ~A_IOCFG_GPOUT0;
@@ -1603,7 +1610,7 @@ static int snd_emu10k1_shared_spdif_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 		}
 	}
 	reg = inl(emu->port + HCFG);
-	val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] ? HCFG_GPOUT0 : 0;
+	val = sw ? HCFG_GPOUT0 : 0;
 	change |= (reg & HCFG_GPOUT0) != val;
 	if (change) {
 		reg &= ~HCFG_GPOUT0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c
index b3a618e..6ba7ac0 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c
@@ -285,6 +285,7 @@ struct azx_dev {
 	u32 *posbuf;		/* position buffer pointer */
 
 	unsigned int bufsize;	/* size of the play buffer in bytes */
+	unsigned int period_bytes; /* size of the period in bytes */
 	unsigned int frags;	/* number for period in the play buffer */
 	unsigned int fifo_size;	/* FIFO size */
 
@@ -301,11 +302,10 @@ struct azx_dev {
 					 */
 	unsigned char stream_tag;	/* assigned stream */
 	unsigned char index;		/* stream index */
-	/* for sanity check of position buffer */
-	unsigned int period_intr;
 
 	unsigned int opened :1;
 	unsigned int running :1;
+	unsigned int irq_pending: 1;
 };
 
 /* CORB/RIRB */
@@ -369,6 +369,9 @@ struct azx {
 
 	/* for debugging */
 	unsigned int last_cmd;	/* last issued command (to sync) */
+
+	/* for pending irqs */
+	struct work_struct irq_pending_work;
 };
 
 /* driver types */
@@ -908,6 +911,8 @@ static void azx_init_pci(struct azx *chip)
 }
 
 
+static int azx_position_ok(struct azx *chip, struct azx_dev *azx_dev);
+
 /*
  * interrupt handler
  */
@@ -930,11 +935,18 @@ static irqreturn_t azx_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
 		azx_dev = &chip->azx_dev[i];
 		if (status & azx_dev->sd_int_sta_mask) {
 			azx_sd_writeb(azx_dev, SD_STS, SD_INT_MASK);
-			if (azx_dev->substream && azx_dev->running) {
-				azx_dev->period_intr++;
+			if (!azx_dev->substream || !azx_dev->running)
+				continue;
+			/* check whether this IRQ is really acceptable */
+			if (azx_position_ok(chip, azx_dev)) {
+				azx_dev->irq_pending = 0;
 				spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
 				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(azx_dev->substream);
 				spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
+			} else {
+				/* bogus IRQ, process it later */
+				azx_dev->irq_pending = 1;
+				schedule_work(&chip->irq_pending_work);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -973,6 +985,7 @@ static int azx_setup_periods(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	azx_sd_writel(azx_dev, SD_BDLPU, 0);
 
 	period_bytes = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	azx_dev->period_bytes = period_bytes;
 	periods = azx_dev->bufsize / period_bytes;
 
 	/* program the initial BDL entries */
@@ -1421,27 +1434,16 @@ static int azx_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static snd_pcm_uframes_t azx_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static unsigned int azx_get_position(struct azx *chip,
+				     struct azx_dev *azx_dev)
 {
-	struct azx_pcm *apcm = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
-	struct azx *chip = apcm->chip;
-	struct azx_dev *azx_dev = get_azx_dev(substream);
 	unsigned int pos;
 
 	if (chip->position_fix == POS_FIX_POSBUF ||
 	    chip->position_fix == POS_FIX_AUTO) {
 		/* use the position buffer */
 		pos = le32_to_cpu(*azx_dev->posbuf);
-		if (chip->position_fix == POS_FIX_AUTO &&
-		    azx_dev->period_intr == 1 && !pos) {
-			printk(KERN_WARNING
-			       "hda-intel: Invalid position buffer, "
-			       "using LPIB read method instead.\n");
-			chip->position_fix = POS_FIX_NONE;
-			goto read_lpib;
-		}
 	} else {
-	read_lpib:
 		/* read LPIB */
 		pos = azx_sd_readl(azx_dev, SD_LPIB);
 		if (chip->position_fix == POS_FIX_FIFO)
@@ -1449,7 +1451,90 @@ static snd_pcm_uframes_t azx_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	}
 	if (pos >= azx_dev->bufsize)
 		pos = 0;
-	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, pos);
+	return pos;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t azx_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct azx_pcm *apcm = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct azx *chip = apcm->chip;
+	struct azx_dev *azx_dev = get_azx_dev(substream);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime,
+			       azx_get_position(chip, azx_dev));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether the current DMA position is acceptable for updating
+ * periods.  Returns non-zero if it's OK.
+ *
+ * Many HD-audio controllers appear pretty inaccurate about
+ * the update-IRQ timing.  The IRQ is issued before actually the
+ * data is processed.  So, we need to process it afterwords in a
+ * workqueue.
+ */
+static int azx_position_ok(struct azx *chip, struct azx_dev *azx_dev)
+{
+	unsigned int pos;
+
+	pos = azx_get_position(chip, azx_dev);
+	if (chip->position_fix == POS_FIX_AUTO) {
+		if (!pos) {
+			printk(KERN_WARNING
+			       "hda-intel: Invalid position buffer, "
+			       "using LPIB read method instead.\n");
+			chip->position_fix = POS_FIX_NONE;
+			pos = azx_get_position(chip, azx_dev);
+		} else
+			chip->position_fix = POS_FIX_POSBUF;
+	}
+
+	if (pos % azx_dev->period_bytes > azx_dev->period_bytes / 2)
+		return 0; /* NG - it's below the period boundary */
+	return 1; /* OK, it's fine */
+}
+
+/*
+ * The work for pending PCM period updates.
+ */
+static void azx_irq_pending_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct azx *chip = container_of(work, struct azx, irq_pending_work);
+	int i, pending;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		pending = 0;
+		spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+		for (i = 0; i < chip->num_streams; i++) {
+			struct azx_dev *azx_dev = &chip->azx_dev[i];
+			if (!azx_dev->irq_pending ||
+			    !azx_dev->substream ||
+			    !azx_dev->running)
+				continue;
+			if (azx_position_ok(chip, azx_dev)) {
+				azx_dev->irq_pending = 0;
+				spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(azx_dev->substream);
+				spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
+			} else
+				pending++;
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+		if (!pending)
+			return;
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+}
+
+/* clear irq_pending flags and assure no on-going workq */
+static void azx_clear_irq_pending(struct azx *chip)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_streams; i++)
+		chip->azx_dev[i].irq_pending = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	flush_scheduled_work();
 }
 
 static struct snd_pcm_ops azx_pcm_ops = {
@@ -1676,6 +1761,7 @@ static int azx_suspend(struct pci_dev *pci, pm_message_t state)
 	int i;
 
 	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	azx_clear_irq_pending(chip);
 	for (i = 0; i < AZX_MAX_PCMS; i++)
 		snd_pcm_suspend_all(chip->pcm[i]);
 	if (chip->initialized)
@@ -1732,6 +1818,7 @@ static int azx_free(struct azx *chip)
 	int i;
 
 	if (chip->initialized) {
+		azx_clear_irq_pending(chip);
 		for (i = 0; i < chip->num_streams; i++)
 			azx_stream_stop(chip, &chip->azx_dev[i]);
 		azx_stop_chip(chip);
@@ -1857,6 +1944,7 @@ static int __devinit azx_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	chip->irq = -1;
 	chip->driver_type = driver_type;
 	chip->msi = enable_msi;
+	INIT_WORK(&chip->irq_pending_work, azx_irq_pending_work);
 
 	chip->position_fix = check_position_fix(chip, position_fix[dev]);
 	check_probe_mask(chip, dev);
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c
index a99e86d..b5f655d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c
@@ -1618,6 +1618,7 @@ static const char *ad1981_models[AD1981_MODELS] = {
 
 static struct snd_pci_quirk ad1981_cfg_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1014, 0x0597, "Lenovo Z60", AD1981_THINKPAD),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1014, 0x05b7, "Lenovo Z60m", AD1981_THINKPAD),
 	/* All HP models */
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0, "HP nx", AD1981_HP),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1179, 0x0001, "Toshiba U205", AD1981_TOSHIBA),
@@ -2623,7 +2624,7 @@ static int ad1988_auto_create_extra_out(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t pin,
 {
 	struct ad198x_spec *spec = codec->spec;
 	hda_nid_t nid;
-	int idx, err;
+	int i, idx, err;
 	char name[32];
 
 	if (! pin)
@@ -2631,16 +2632,26 @@ static int ad1988_auto_create_extra_out(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t pin,
 
 	idx = ad1988_pin_idx(pin);
 	nid = ad1988_idx_to_dac(codec, idx);
-	/* specify the DAC as the extra output */
-	if (! spec->multiout.hp_nid)
-		spec->multiout.hp_nid = nid;
-	else
-		spec->multiout.extra_out_nid[0] = nid;
-	/* control HP volume/switch on the output mixer amp */
-	sprintf(name, "%s Playback Volume", pfx);
-	if ((err = add_control(spec, AD_CTL_WIDGET_VOL, name,
-			       HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL(nid, 3, 0, HDA_OUTPUT))) < 0)
-		return err;
+	/* check whether the corresponding DAC was already taken */
+	for (i = 0; i < spec->autocfg.line_outs; i++) {
+		hda_nid_t pin = spec->autocfg.line_out_pins[i];
+		hda_nid_t dac = ad1988_idx_to_dac(codec, ad1988_pin_idx(pin));
+		if (dac == nid)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (i >= spec->autocfg.line_outs) {
+		/* specify the DAC as the extra output */
+		if (!spec->multiout.hp_nid)
+			spec->multiout.hp_nid = nid;
+		else
+			spec->multiout.extra_out_nid[0] = nid;
+		/* control HP volume/switch on the output mixer amp */
+		sprintf(name, "%s Playback Volume", pfx);
+		err = add_control(spec, AD_CTL_WIDGET_VOL, name,
+				  HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL(nid, 3, 0, HDA_OUTPUT));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 	nid = ad1988_mixer_nids[idx];
 	sprintf(name, "%s Playback Switch", pfx);
 	if ((err = add_control(spec, AD_CTL_BIND_MUTE, name,
--
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