[PATCH 19/29] x86_64-kexec
From: Eric W. Biederman
Date: Wed Jan 19 2005 - 02:54:53 EST
This is the x86_64 implementation of machine kexec.
32bit compatibility support has been implemented, and machine_kexec
has been enhanced to not care about the changing internal kernel paget
table structures.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/x86_64/Kconfig | 17 ++
arch/x86_64/ia32/ia32entry.S | 2
arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile | 1
arch/x86_64/kernel/crash.c | 40 +++++
arch/x86_64/kernel/machine_kexec.c | 245 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/x86_64/kernel/relocate_kernel.S | 143 ++++++++++++++++++++
include/asm-x86_64/kexec.h | 28 ++++
include/asm-x86_64/unistd.h | 2
8 files changed, 476 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/Kconfig linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/Kconfig
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/Kconfig Tue Jan 18 22:46:57 2005
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/Kconfig Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -370,6 +370,23 @@
the panic-ed kernel.
Don't change this unless you know what you are doing.
+
+config KEXEC
+ bool "kexec system call (EXPERIMENTAL)"
+ depends on EXPERIMENTAL
+ help
+ kexec is a system call that implements the ability to shutdown your
+ current kernel, and to start another kernel. It is like a reboot
+ but it is indepedent of the system firmware. And like a reboot
+ you can start any kernel with it, not just Linux.
+
+ The name comes from the similiarity to the exec system call.
+
+ It is an ongoing process to be certain the hardware in a machine
+ is properly shutdown, so do not be surprised if this code does not
+ initially work for you. It may help to enable device hotplugging
+ support. As of this writing the exact hardware interface is
+ strongly in flux, so no good recommendation can be made.
endmenu
#
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/ia32/ia32entry.S linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/ia32/ia32entry.S
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/ia32/ia32entry.S Fri Jan 14 04:32:23 2005
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/ia32/ia32entry.S Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@
.quad compat_sys_mq_timedreceive /* 280 */
.quad compat_sys_mq_notify
.quad compat_sys_mq_getsetattr
- .quad quiet_ni_syscall /* reserved for kexec */
+ .quad compat_sys_kexec_load
.quad sys32_waitid
.quad quiet_ni_syscall /* sys_altroot */
.quad sys_add_key
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile Fri Jan 14 04:32:23 2005
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/Makefile Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC) += apic.o nmi.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_IO_APIC) += io_apic.o mpparse.o \
genapic.o genapic_cluster.o genapic_flat.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_KEXEC) += machine_kexec.o relocate_kernel.o crash.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PM) += suspend.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND) += suspend_asm.o
obj-$(CONFIG_CPU_FREQ) += cpufreq/
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/crash.c linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/crash.c
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/crash.c Wed Dec 31 17:00:00 1969
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/crash.c Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Architecture specific (x86_64) functions for kexec based crash dumps.
+ *
+ * Created by: Hariprasad Nellitheertha (hari@xxxxxxxxxx)
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2004. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/irq.h>
+#include <linux/reboot.h>
+#include <linux/kexec.h>
+#include <linux/elf.h>
+#include <linux/elfcore.h>
+
+#include <asm/processor.h>
+#include <asm/hardirq.h>
+#include <asm/nmi.h>
+#include <asm/hw_irq.h>
+
+#define MAX_NOTE_BYTES 1024
+typedef u32 note_buf_t[MAX_NOTE_BYTES/4];
+
+note_buf_t crash_notes[NR_CPUS];
+
+void machine_crash_shutdown(void)
+{
+ /* This function is only called after the system
+ * has paniced or is otherwise in a critical state.
+ * The minimum amount of code to allow a kexec'd kernel
+ * to run successfully needs to happen here.
+ *
+ * In practice this means shooting down the other cpus in
+ * an SMP system.
+ */
+}
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/machine_kexec.c linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/machine_kexec.c
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/machine_kexec.c Wed Dec 31 17:00:00 1969
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/machine_kexec.c Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+/*
+ * machine_kexec.c - handle transition of Linux booting another kernel
+ * Copyright (C) 2002-2005 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
+ * Version 2. See the file COPYING for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/kexec.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/reboot.h>
+#include <asm/pda.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
+#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
+#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+#include <asm/apic.h>
+#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
+#include <asm/hw_irq.h>
+
+#define LEVEL0_SIZE (1UL << 12UL)
+#define LEVEL1_SIZE (1UL << 21UL)
+#define LEVEL2_SIZE (1UL << 30UL)
+#define LEVEL3_SIZE (1UL << 39UL)
+#define LEVEL4_SIZE (1UL << 48UL)
+
+#define L0_ATTR (_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_RW | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
+#define L1_ATTR (_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_RW | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY | _PAGE_PSE)
+#define L2_ATTR (_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_RW | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
+#define L3_ATTR (_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_RW | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
+
+static void init_level2_page(
+ u64 *level2p, unsigned long addr)
+{
+ unsigned long end_addr;
+ addr &= PAGE_MASK;
+ end_addr = addr + LEVEL2_SIZE;
+ while(addr < end_addr) {
+ *(level2p++) = addr | L1_ATTR;
+ addr += LEVEL1_SIZE;
+ }
+}
+
+static int init_level3_page(struct kimage *image,
+ u64 *level3p, unsigned long addr, unsigned long last_addr)
+{
+ unsigned long end_addr;
+ int result;
+ result = 0;
+ addr &= PAGE_MASK;
+ end_addr = addr + LEVEL3_SIZE;
+ while((addr < last_addr) && (addr < end_addr)) {
+ struct page *page;
+ u64 *level2p;
+ page = kimage_alloc_control_pages(image, 0);
+ if (!page) {
+ result = -ENOMEM;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ level2p = (u64 *)page_address(page);
+ init_level2_page(level2p, addr);
+ *(level3p++) = __pa(level2p) | L2_ATTR;
+ addr += LEVEL2_SIZE;
+ }
+ /* clear the unused entries */
+ while(addr < end_addr) {
+ *(level3p++) = 0;
+ addr += LEVEL2_SIZE;
+ }
+out:
+ return result;
+}
+
+
+static int init_level4_page(struct kimage *image,
+ u64 *level4p, unsigned long addr, unsigned long last_addr)
+{
+ unsigned long end_addr;
+ int result;
+ result = 0;
+ addr &= PAGE_MASK;
+ end_addr = addr + LEVEL4_SIZE;
+ while((addr < last_addr) && (addr < end_addr)) {
+ struct page *page;
+ u64 *level3p;
+ page = kimage_alloc_control_pages(image, 0);
+ if (!page) {
+ result = -ENOMEM;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ level3p = (u64 *)page_address(page);
+ result = init_level3_page(image, level3p, addr, last_addr);
+ if (result) {
+ goto out;
+ }
+ *(level4p++) = __pa(level3p) | L3_ATTR;
+ addr += LEVEL3_SIZE;
+ }
+ /* clear the unused entries */
+ while(addr < end_addr) {
+ *(level4p++) = 0;
+ addr += LEVEL3_SIZE;
+ }
+ out:
+ return result;
+}
+
+
+static int init_pgtable(struct kimage *image, unsigned long start_pgtable)
+{
+ u64 *level4p;
+ level4p = (u64 *)__va(start_pgtable);
+ return init_level4_page(image, level4p, 0, end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
+}
+
+static void set_idt(void *newidt, u16 limit)
+{
+ unsigned char curidt[10];
+
+ /* x86-64 supports unaliged loads & stores */
+ (*(u16 *)(curidt)) = limit;
+ (*(u64 *)(curidt +2)) = (unsigned long)(newidt);
+
+ __asm__ __volatile__ (
+ "lidt %0\n"
+ : "=m" (curidt)
+ );
+};
+
+
+static void set_gdt(void *newgdt, u16 limit)
+{
+ unsigned char curgdt[10];
+
+ /* x86-64 supports unaligned loads & stores */
+ (*(u16 *)(curgdt)) = limit;
+ (*(u64 *)(curgdt +2)) = (unsigned long)(newgdt);
+
+ __asm__ __volatile__ (
+ "lgdt %0\n"
+ : "=m" (curgdt)
+ );
+};
+
+static void load_segments(void)
+{
+ __asm__ __volatile__ (
+ "\tmovl $"STR(__KERNEL_DS)",%eax\n"
+ "\tmovl %eax,%ds\n"
+ "\tmovl %eax,%es\n"
+ "\tmovl %eax,%ss\n"
+ "\tmovl %eax,%fs\n"
+ "\tmovl %eax,%gs\n"
+ );
+#undef STR
+#undef __STR
+}
+
+typedef NORET_TYPE void (*relocate_new_kernel_t)(
+ unsigned long indirection_page, unsigned long control_code_buffer,
+ unsigned long start_address, unsigned long pgtable) ATTRIB_NORET;
+
+const extern unsigned char relocate_new_kernel[];
+const extern unsigned long relocate_new_kernel_size;
+
+int machine_kexec_prepare(struct kimage *image)
+{
+ unsigned long start_pgtable, control_code_buffer;
+ int result;
+
+ /* Calculate the offsets */
+ start_pgtable = page_to_pfn(image->control_code_page) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+ control_code_buffer = start_pgtable + 4096UL;
+
+ /* Setup the identity mapped 64bit page table */
+ result = init_pgtable(image, start_pgtable);
+ if (result) {
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /* Place the code in the reboot code buffer */
+ memcpy(__va(control_code_buffer), relocate_new_kernel, relocate_new_kernel_size);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void machine_kexec_cleanup(struct kimage *image)
+{
+ return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Do not allocate memory (or fail in any way) in machine_kexec().
+ * We are past the point of no return, committed to rebooting now.
+ */
+NORET_TYPE void machine_kexec(struct kimage *image)
+{
+ unsigned long page_list;
+ unsigned long control_code_buffer;
+ unsigned long start_pgtable;
+ relocate_new_kernel_t rnk;
+
+ /* Interrupts aren't acceptable while we reboot */
+ local_irq_disable();
+
+ /* Calculate the offsets */
+ page_list = image->head;
+ start_pgtable = page_to_pfn(image->control_code_page) << PAGE_SHIFT;
+ control_code_buffer = start_pgtable + 4096UL;
+
+ /* Set the low half of the page table to my identity mapped
+ * page table for kexec. Leave the high half pointing at the
+ * kernel pages. Don't bother to flush the global pages
+ * as that will happen when I fully switch to my identity mapped
+ * page table anyway.
+ */
+ memcpy(__va(read_cr3()), __va(start_pgtable), PAGE_SIZE/2);
+ __flush_tlb();
+
+
+ /* The segment registers are funny things, they are
+ * automatically loaded from a table, in memory wherever you
+ * set them to a specific selector, but this table is never
+ * accessed again unless you set the segment to a different selector.
+ *
+ * The more common model are caches where the behide
+ * the scenes work is done, but is also dropped at arbitrary
+ * times.
+ *
+ * I take advantage of this here by force loading the
+ * segments, before I zap the gdt with an invalid value.
+ */
+ load_segments();
+ /* The gdt & idt are now invalid.
+ * If you want to load them you must set up your own idt & gdt.
+ */
+ set_gdt(phys_to_virt(0),0);
+ set_idt(phys_to_virt(0),0);
+ /* now call it */
+ rnk = (relocate_new_kernel_t) control_code_buffer;
+ (*rnk)(page_list, control_code_buffer, image->start, start_pgtable);
+}
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/relocate_kernel.S linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/relocate_kernel.S
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/arch/x86_64/kernel/relocate_kernel.S Wed Dec 31 17:00:00 1969
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/arch/x86_64/kernel/relocate_kernel.S Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/*
+ * relocate_kernel.S - put the kernel image in place to boot
+ * Copyright (C) 2002-2005 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
+ * Version 2. See the file COPYING for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/linkage.h>
+
+ /*
+ * Must be relocatable PIC code callable as a C function, that once
+ * it starts can not use the previous processes stack.
+ */
+ .globl relocate_new_kernel
+ .code64
+relocate_new_kernel:
+ /* %rdi page_list
+ * %rsi reboot_code_buffer
+ * %rdx start address
+ * %rcx page_table
+ * %r8 arg5
+ * %r9 arg6
+ */
+
+ /* zero out flags, and disable interrupts */
+ pushq $0
+ popfq
+
+ /* set a new stack at the bottom of our page... */
+ lea 4096(%rsi), %rsp
+
+ /* store the parameters back on the stack */
+ pushq %rdx /* store the start address */
+
+ /* Set cr0 to a known state:
+ * 31 1 == Paging enabled
+ * 18 0 == Alignment check disabled
+ * 16 0 == Write protect disabled
+ * 3 0 == No task switch
+ * 2 0 == Don't do FP software emulation.
+ * 0 1 == Proctected mode enabled
+ */
+ movq %cr0, %rax
+ andq $~((1<<18)|(1<<16)|(1<<3)|(1<<2)), %rax
+ orl $((1<<31)|(1<<0)), %eax
+ movq %rax, %cr0
+
+ /* Set cr4 to a known state:
+ * 10 0 == xmm exceptions disabled
+ * 9 0 == xmm registers instructions disabled
+ * 8 0 == performance monitoring counter disabled
+ * 7 0 == page global disabled
+ * 6 0 == machine check exceptions disabled
+ * 5 1 == physical address extension enabled
+ * 4 0 == page size extensions disabled
+ * 3 0 == Debug extensions disabled
+ * 2 0 == Time stamp disable (disabled)
+ * 1 0 == Protected mode virtual interrupts disabled
+ * 0 0 == VME disabled
+ */
+
+ movq $((1<<5)), %rax
+ movq %rax, %cr4
+
+ jmp 1f
+1:
+
+ /* Switch to the identity mapped page tables,
+ * and flush the TLB.
+ */
+ movq %rcx, %cr3
+
+ /* Do the copies */
+ movq %rdi, %rcx /* Put the page_list in %rcx */
+ xorq %rdi, %rdi
+ xorq %rsi, %rsi
+ jmp 1f
+
+0: /* top, read another word for the indirection page */
+
+ movq (%rbx), %rcx
+ addq $8, %rbx
+1:
+ testq $0x1, %rcx /* is it a destination page? */
+ jz 2f
+ movq %rcx, %rdi
+ andq $0xfffffffffffff000, %rdi
+ jmp 0b
+2:
+ testq $0x2, %rcx /* is it an indirection page? */
+ jz 2f
+ movq %rcx, %rbx
+ andq $0xfffffffffffff000, %rbx
+ jmp 0b
+2:
+ testq $0x4, %rcx /* is it the done indicator? */
+ jz 2f
+ jmp 3f
+2:
+ testq $0x8, %rcx /* is it the source indicator? */
+ jz 0b /* Ignore it otherwise */
+ movq %rcx, %rsi /* For ever source page do a copy */
+ andq $0xfffffffffffff000, %rsi
+
+ movq $512, %rcx
+ rep ; movsq
+ jmp 0b
+3:
+
+ /* To be certain of avoiding problems with self-modifying code
+ * I need to execute a serializing instruction here.
+ * So I flush the TLB by reloading %cr3 here, it's handy,
+ * and not processor dependent.
+ */
+ movq %cr3, %rax
+ movq %rax, %cr3
+
+ /* set all of the registers to known values */
+ /* leave %rsp alone */
+
+ xorq %rax, %rax
+ xorq %rbx, %rbx
+ xorq %rcx, %rcx
+ xorq %rdx, %rdx
+ xorq %rsi, %rsi
+ xorq %rdi, %rdi
+ xorq %rbp, %rbp
+ xorq %r8, %r8
+ xorq %r9, %r9
+ xorq %r10, %r9
+ xorq %r11, %r11
+ xorq %r12, %r12
+ xorq %r13, %r13
+ xorq %r14, %r14
+ xorq %r15, %r15
+
+ ret
+relocate_new_kernel_end:
+
+ .globl relocate_new_kernel_size
+relocate_new_kernel_size:
+ .quad relocate_new_kernel_end - relocate_new_kernel
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/include/asm-x86_64/kexec.h linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/include/asm-x86_64/kexec.h
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/include/asm-x86_64/kexec.h Wed Dec 31 17:00:00 1969
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/include/asm-x86_64/kexec.h Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#ifndef _X86_64_KEXEC_H
+#define _X86_64_KEXEC_H
+
+#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/proto.h>
+
+/*
+ * KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT maximum page get_free_page can return.
+ * I.e. Maximum page that is mapped directly into kernel memory,
+ * and kmap is not required.
+ *
+ * So far x86_64 is limited to 40 physical address bits.
+ */
+
+/* Maximum physical address we can use pages from */
+#define KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT (0xFFFFFFFFFFUL)
+/* Maximum address we can reach in physical address mode */
+#define KEXEC_DESTINATION_MEMORY_LIMIT (0xFFFFFFFFFFUL)
+/* Maximum address we can use for the control pages */
+#define KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT (0xFFFFFFFFFFUL)
+
+/* Allocate one page for the pdp and the second for the code */
+#define KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_SIZE (4096UL + 4096UL)
+
+/* The native architecture */
+#define KEXEC_ARCH KEXEC_ARCH_X86_64
+
+#endif /* _X86_64_KEXEC_H */
diff -uNr linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/include/asm-x86_64/unistd.h linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/include/asm-x86_64/unistd.h
--- linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-machine_shutdown/include/asm-x86_64/unistd.h Fri Jan 14 04:32:27 2005
+++ linux-2.6.11-rc1-mm1-nokexec-x86_64-kexec/include/asm-x86_64/unistd.h Tue Jan 18 23:14:06 2005
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@
#define __NR_mq_getsetattr 245
__SYSCALL(__NR_mq_getsetattr, sys_mq_getsetattr)
#define __NR_kexec_load 246
-__SYSCALL(__NR_kexec_load, sys_ni_syscall)
+__SYSCALL(__NR_kexec_load, sys_kexec_load)
#define __NR_waitid 247
__SYSCALL(__NR_waitid, sys_waitid)
#define __NR_add_key 248
-
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